@Article{PincheiraAbduBatiRich:2002:InIoRe,
               author = "Pincheira, X. T. and Abdu, Mangalathayil Ali and Batista, Inez 
                         Staciarini and Richards, P. G.",
          affiliation = "{Universidade de Bio Bio} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {University of Alabama in Huntsville}",
                title = "An investigation of ionospheric responses, and disturbance 
                         thermospheric winds, during magnetic storms over South American 
                         sector",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",
                 year = "2002",
               volume = "107",
               number = "A11",
                pages = "art. no. 1379",
                month = "Nov.",
             keywords = "equatorial f-region, meridional winds, geomagnetic storms, 
                         electric-fields, neutral winds, plasma drifts.",
             abstract = "This paper presents the results of a study of the ionospheric and 
                         thermospheric response to magnetic storm disturbances for four 
                         stations covering a wide range of latitude in the South American 
                         region. The study is based on the F layer critical frequency 
                         (f(o)F(2)) and the peak height (h(m)F(2)) from Fortaleza (FZ), 
                         which is equatorial, Cachoeira Paulista (CP), which is low 
                         latitude, Concepcion (CON), a midlatitude site, and King George 
                         Island (KGI), a middle to high latitude site. Equivalent neutral 
                         winds are extracted from the measured h(m)F(2) by employing the 
                         Field Line Interhemispheric Plasma (FLIP) model. The Equatorial 
                         Ionization Anomaly (EIA) can undergo enhancement due to 
                         magnetospheric disturbance electric field that penetrates to low 
                         latitudes during the growth phase of a storm/substorm, whereas EIA 
                         inhibition occurs more often under disturbance dynamo (DD) 
                         electric field. Season-dependent meridional/transequatorial winds 
                         can significantly alter the EIA response to disturbance electric 
                         fields. Large amplitudes of DD electric field is observed during 
                         evening and morning hours in equinoctial, but not in winter, 
                         months. Over the Brazilian low latitude of large westward magnetic 
                         declination angle, large equatorward meridional wind surges seem 
                         to be helped by the presence of disturbance zonal (westward) 
                         winds. The low latitude disturbance can, in some cases, be traced 
                         to specific disturbance fronts originating promptly from auroral 
                         activity enhancements. This study confirms earlier studies that 
                         show that the quiet time meridional wind increases with increase 
                         of latitude and that over midlatitude it shows decreases with 
                         increase of solar flux due to the effect of the ion drag force. 
                         This study further shows that the disturbance meridional wind and 
                         the intensity of DD electric field increase with increasing 
                         intensity of high latitude energy input. The negative ionospheric 
                         storm phase over middle latitude, observed in equinox and not in 
                         winter, is also intensified with the increasing intensity of high 
                         latitude energy input.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
                  doi = "10.1029/2001JA000263",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JA000263",
                 issn = "0148-0227 and 2156-2202",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "jgra16193.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}