@Article{Archer-NichollsLDMBPTKFFCM:2015:ChBrBi,
author = "Archer-Nicholls, S. and Lowe, D. and Darbyshire, E. and Morgan, W.
T. and Bela, M. M. and Pereira, G. and Trembath, J. and Kaiser, J.
W. and Freitas, Karla Maria Longo de and Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de
and Coe, H. and McFiggans, G.",
affiliation = "{University of Manchester} and {University of Manchester} and
{University of Manchester} and {University of Manchester} and
{University of Colorado} and {Universidade Federal de S{\~a}o
Jo{\~a}o Del Rei (UFSJ)} and {Cranfield University} and {King’s
College London (KCL)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
(INPE)} and {University of Manchester} and {University of
Manchester}",
title = "Characterising Brazilian biomass burning emissions using WRF-Chem
with MOSAIC sectional aerosol",
journal = "Geoscientific Model Development",
year = "2015",
volume = "8",
pages = "549--577",
abstract = "The South American Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) field
campaign took detailed in situ flight measurements of aerosol
during the 2012 dry season to characterise biomass burning aerosol
and improve understanding of its impacts on weather and climate.
Developments have been made to the Weather Research and Forecast
model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to improve the
representation of biomass burning aerosol in the region, by
coupling a sectional aerosol scheme to the plume-rise
parameterisation. Brazilian Biomass Burning Emissions Model (3BEM)
fire emissions are used, prepared using PREP-CHEM-SRC, and mapped
to CBM-Z and MOSAIC species. Model results have been evaluated
against remote sensing products, AERONET sites, and four case
studies of flight measurements from the SAMBBA campaign. WRF-Chem
predicted layers of elevated aerosol loadings (520 µg sm\−3
) of particulate organic matter at high altitude (68 km) over
tropical forest regions, while flight measurements showed a sharp
decrease above 24 km altitude. This difference was attributed to
the plume-rise parameterisation overestimating injection height.
The 3BEM emissions product was modified using estimates of active
fire size and burned area for the 2012 fire season, which reduced
the fire size. The enhancement factor for fire emissions was
increased from 1.3 to 5 to retain reasonable aerosol optical
depths (AODs). The smaller fire size lowered the injection height
of the emissions, but WRF-Chem still showed elevated aerosol
loadings between 45 km altitude. Over eastern cerrado
(savannah-like) regions, both modelled and measured aerosol
loadings decreased above approximately 4 km altitude. Compared
with MODIS satellite data and AERONET sites, WRF-Chem represented
AOD magnitude well (between 0.31.5) over western tropical forest
fire regions in the first half of the campaign, but tended to
over-predict them in the second half, when precipitation was more
significant. Over eastern cerrado regions, WRF-Chem tended to
underpredict AODs. Modelled aerosol loadings in the east were
higher in the modified emission scenario. The primary organic
matter to black carbon ratio was typically between 810 in
WRF-Chem. This was lower than the western flight measurements
(interquartile range of 11.615.7 in B734, 14.724.0 in B739), but
similar to the eastern flight B742 (8.110.4). However, single
scattering albedo was close to measured over the western flights
(0.870.89 in model; 0.860.91 in flight B734, and 0.810.95 in
flight B739 measurements) but too high over the eastern flight
B742 (0.860.87 in model, 0.790.82 in measurements). This suggests
that improvements are needed to both modelled aerosol composition
and optical properties calculations in WRF-Chem.",
doi = "10.5194/gmd-8-549-2015",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-549-2015",
issn = "1991-959X",
language = "en",
targetfile = "archer_characterising.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "03 jun. 2024"
}