@PhDThesis{Nolasco:2016:ImSeAl,
author = "Nolasco, Camille Lanzarotti",
title = "Demanda e abastecimento de hortali{\c{c}}as na microrregi{\~a}o
de S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos, Brasil: implica{\c{c}}{\~o}es
para a seguran{\c{c}}a alimentar e desenvolvimento
sustent{\'a}vel no contexto de mudan{\c{c}}as globais",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2016",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2016-02-23",
keywords = "seguran{\c{c}}a alimentar e nutricional, mudan{\c{c}}as
ambientais globais, produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o de hortali{\c{c}}as,
olericultura, food and nutrition security, global environmental
change, vegetable production, horticulture.",
abstract = "O crescimento do consumo global, a desnutri{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
inadequa{\c{c}}{\~a}o alimentar, as mudan{\c{c}}as
clim{\'a}ticas que amea{\c{c}}am a produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o
agr{\'{\i}}cola, e a contamina{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
deple{\c{c}}{\~a}o de recursos naturais refor{\c{c}}am a
necessidade de analisar se o Brasil {\'e} capaz de produzir
alimentos frescos na quantidade e qualidade suficiente para
promover a seguran{\c{c}}a alimentar e nutricional (SAN)
atendendo {\`a}s recomenda{\c{c}}{\~o}es da
Organiza{\c{c}}{\~a}o Mundial de Sa{\'u}de (OMS) para uma vida
saud{\'a}vel. Realizado atrav{\'e}s de an{\'a}lise
interdisciplinar e sist{\^e}mica, investigando a demanda e
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o de hortali{\c{c}}as no Brasil e na
Microrregi{\~a}o de S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos (MRSJC), este
trabalho concluiu que a SAN n{\~a}o pode ser alcan{\c{c}}ada com
o atual sistema. A revis{\~a}o narrativa da literatura traz uma
contextualiza{\c{c}}{\~a}o das rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre a SAN,
os sistemas alimentares e as mudan{\c{c}}as ambientais globais.
Atrav{\'e}s do desenvolvimento de um m{\'e}todo para
cria{\c{c}}{\~a}o de mapas de demanda de alimentos, utilizando
cruzamentos dos dados de aquisi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de
hortali{\c{c}}as da Pesquisa de Or{\c{c}}amentos Familiares
2008/2009 e dos dados do Censo Populacional (IBGE, 2010),
buscou-se visualizar e analisar espacialmente a
distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o da demanda atual e projetada para 2030,
possibilitando uma compara{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre a demanda e o
volume de produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o de hortali{\c{c}}as atrav{\'e}s
dos dados dispon{\'{\i}}veis no censo agropecu{\'a}rio (IBGE,
2006) para as Grandes Regi{\~o}es e Unidades da
Federa{\c{c}}{\~a}o. Em seguida, foram realizadas entrevistas
com atores envolvidos no setor, visitas a campo e a
constru{\c{c}}{\~a}o de um mapa de aptid{\~a}o para
olericultura para os munic{\'{\i}}pios da MRSJC, buscando-se
investigar o estado da arte desta produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o e a
exist{\^e}ncia de potencial biof{\'{\i}}sico e humano para a
continuidade, e at{\'e} mesmo incremento, da produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o
regional de legumes e verduras frescos. A integra{\c{c}}{\~a}o
de diferentes metodologias neste trabalho possibilitou uma
compreens{\~a}o mais abrangente sobre o setor oler{\'{\i}}cola.
A an{\'a}lise dos mapas de demanda atual e projetada dos grupos
de hortali{\c{c}}as (folhosas, frutosas e tuberosas) pelos
setores censit{\'a}rios do Brasil indicaram um
desequil{\'{\i}}brio entre a aquisi{\c{c}}{\~a}o destes
tr{\^e}s grupos nas regi{\~o}es do pa{\'{\i}}s e uma demanda
ainda baixa quando comparada {\`a} recomenda{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
OMS. O mapa de aptid{\~a}o para a MRSJC demonstrou que h{\'a}
potencial biof{\'{\i}}sico para a produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o adequada.
No entanto, as entrevistas explorando as experi{\^e}ncias dos
produtores trazem o alerta para problemas n{\~a}o evidenciados no
mapa. Demostram que a falta de adapta{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos
horticultores {\`a}s mudan{\c{c}}as ambientais e sociais em
curso {\'e} um forte impedimento ao desenvolvimento do setor e
apontam que as melhores {\'a}reas dispon{\'{\i}}veis para a
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola na regi{\~a}o est{\~a}o
amea{\c{c}}adas pela urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o, pelo abuso de
agroqu{\'{\i}}micos, e por problemas sociais t{\'{\i}}picos da
cidade. Entre os principais problemas {\`a} produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o
apontados pelos agricultores est{\~a}o: a maior ocorr{\^e}ncia
de eventos clim{\'a}ticos extremos e restri{\c{c}}{\~a}o
h{\'{\i}}drica; roubo, furto e viol{\^e}ncia; queda de
produtividade no modelo convencional de produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o;
dificuldade de acesso a cr{\'e}dito e de inser{\c{c}}{\~a}o nos
programas do governo voltados {\`a} agricultura familiar; falta
de m{\~a}o-de-obra e baixa ader{\^e}ncia dos filhos {\`a}
atividade. Por fim, buscou-se identificar caminhos para este setor
que corroborem com o desenvolvimento sustent{\'a}vel, numa
perspectiva de redu{\c{c}}{\~a}o de desigualdades, de
promo{\c{c}}{\~a}o da SAN e de resili{\^e}ncia socioambiental
{\`a}s mudan{\c{c}}as ambientais globais. ABSTRACT: In a context
of increasing global consumption, malnutrition and food
inadequacy, as well as contamination and depletion of natural
resources and climate changes which threaten agricultural
production, it is important to examine whether Brazil is capable
of producing food in sufficient quantity and quality to promote
food and nutritional security (FNS) taking into account the
dietary health recommendations of the World Health Organization
(WHO). This interdisciplinary, multi-method, systemic analysis of
vegetable production and demand provides comprehensive
understanding of the potential to meet vegetable needs in Brazil.
Focusing particularly on the micro-region of S{\~a}o Jos{\'e}
dos Campos (MRSJC), it concludes that FNS cannot be achieved in
the current system. Beginning with a literature review to define
the relationship between food security, food systems and global
environmental change, the thesis uses 2008/2009 National Household
Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey data and 2010 Population
Census data to produce a spatial assessment on current and
projected vegetable demand for 2030, also comparing current demand
to production data from 2006 Census of Agriculture for Brazilian
Major Regions and Federative Units. It subsequently presents and
discusses data from field visits and interviews with olericulture
sectors stakeholders, and presents a suitability map for
horticulture in the MRSJC developed to investigate the state of
the art of this production and the current and likely future
biophysical and human potential to variously maintain and increase
vegetable production. It concludes that current and projected
demand maps for vegetable groups (leaves, fruits and roots) by
census tracts of Brazil indicate an imbalance between the
acquisition of these three groups and low demand compared to WHOs
recommendations for daily intake. While the suitability map for
MRSJC suggests that there is biophysical potential for proper
production, interview data calls that into question by revealing
great limitations to small farmers ability to adapt to ongoing
environmental and social changes, a strong detriment to
horticulture development. It also indicates that the best areas
available for agricultural production are threatened by
urbanization, abuse of agrochemicals, and typical urban and social
problems. Production problems most mentioned by farmers are: the
increased occurrence of extreme weather events and water
restriction; robbery, theft and violence; loss of soil fertility
due to conventional production methods; difficult access to
credit; lack of skilled labour and low adherence of youngers to
the activity; inability to benefit from government programs
because these programs are oriented towards family farming.
Finally, the thesis seeks to identify sustainable development
pathways which integrate inequality reduction, FNS, and
socio-environmental resilience to global environmental changes.",
committee = "Santos J{\'u}nior, Roberto Ara{\'u}jo de Oliveira (presidente)
and Ometto, Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud (orientador) and Lahsen,
Myanna Hvid (orientadora) and Vieira, Edson Trajano and Soler,
Luciana de Souza and Val{\'e}rio Filho, Mario",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Demand and supply of fresh vegetables in the micro region of
S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos, Brazil: implications for food
security and sustainable development in face of global
environmental changes.",
language = "pt",
pages = "252",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3L5QU5P",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3L5QU5P",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "03 jun. 2024"
}