@InProceedings{TavaresRPTBSTCHP:2007:IRTeCh,
               author = "Tavares, Fernanda de S{\~a}o Sabbas and Rampinelli, T. and 
                         Pautet, P. and Taylor, M. and Bailey, M. and Solorzano, N. N. and 
                         Thomas, J. N. and Cummer, S. A. and Holzworth, R. H. and Pinto, 
                         Osmar",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {} and {} 
                         and {Utah State University} and {Utah State University} and 
                         {Digipen Institute of Technology} and {} and {Duke University} and 
                         {University of Washington} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "IR Temperature Characteristics of a Prolific TLE Producing Storm 
                         in South America Observed During a Sprite Campaign in Brazil",
                 year = "2007",
         organization = "2007. Fall Meeting",
              address = "AGU",
             keywords = "Lightning, Paleoclimatology, Ionization processes.",
             abstract = "A total of 445 Transient Luminous Events, TLEs, were observed 
                         above a Mesoscale Convective System, MCS, over Argentina on the 
                         night of 22-23 February, 2006, during the third sprite campaign 
                         ever conduced in Brazil. We investigated the temporal-spatial 
                         evolution of the cloudtop temperature of the MCS based on 
                         satellite infrared imagery and their relationship with 
                         cloud-to-ground lightning and TLE activity. We used the same 
                         methodology S{\~a}o Sabbas and Sentman [2003] applied to a US 
                         sprite producing MCS and compared the results. The Argentinean 
                         thunderstorm was a mesoscale system with very different 
                         characteristics than regular TLE producing MCSs. It originated 
                         from the merge of several convective storms that remained as 
                         collection of {"}isolated{"} convective regions (Tc < -52o C) 
                         under a common cloud cover (Tc < - 32o C) throughout its lifetime. 
                         We started to record TLEs at least 3 hr before the system could be 
                         classified as an MCS and the temperature of the cloud cover, ~ 
                         -52o C, was at ~15 o C higher than of the US MCS. Most of the 
                         lightning tended to occur at the borders of the convective cores 
                         instead of occurring at the cores themselves. Another difference 
                         was that while the US MCS produced sprites only in the back 
                         region, the Argentina system produced sprites/TLEs both in the 
                         back and front regions. The sprites occurred above regions with ~ 
                         -40o C in the beginning of the observations and with ~ -58o C at 
                         the end. This also differs from the US case study, in which all 
                         sprites happened above regions with ~ -70o C and ~ -64o C. The 
                         main similarity was that in the growth phase the lightning 
                         occurrence rate increased in association with regions with 
                         decreasing cloudtop temperatures (~ -50o C to ~ -58o C ), until a 
                         maximum rate was reached in association with minimum temperatures, 
                         however in the US MCS the temperatures involved were lower (~ -64o 
                         C to ~ -70o C). Another interesting similarly between the US and 
                         Argentina MCSs is that both moved towards Northeast at ~85 km/h 
                         and ~45 km/h, respectively. The overall development of this system 
                         was very.",
  conference-location = "San Francisco, CA",
      conference-year = "10-14 Dec.",
             language = "en",
         organisation = "AGU",
        urlaccessdate = "15 jun. 2024"
}