@Article{Kane:2002:PrAnSo,
               author = "Kane, Rajaram Purushottam",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Precipitation anomalies in southern South America associated with 
                         a finer classification of El Nino and La Nina events",
              journal = "International Journal of Climatology",
                 year = "2002",
               volume = "22",
               number = "3",
                pages = "357--373",
                month = "Mar.",
             keywords = "oscila{\c{c}}{\~o}es sulistas, precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o, 
                         anomalias, El Nino (EN), Southern oscillation (SO), precipitation, 
                         anomalies.",
             abstract = "The relationship between rainfall in sub-regions of Uruguay and 
                         South Brazil and a finer classification of El Ninos (ENs), was 
                         studied. ENSOWs were defined as years when an EN existed on the 
                         Peruvian coast, the southern oscillation index (SOI = Tahiti minus 
                         Darwin pressure)was negative (SO), and Pacific sea-surface 
                         temperature SST)anomalies were positive (W). Further, unambiguous 
                         ENSOWs were defined as years when SO and W occurred in the middle 
                         of the calendar year, and ambiguous ENSOWs were defined as years 
                         when SO and W occurred in the earlier or later part of the 
                         calendar year (not in the middle). In contrast with India and some 
                         other regions where unambiguous ENSOWs were associated 
                         predominantly with droughts, in the case of southern South America 
                         the association was with excess rains. Among the ambiguous ENSOWs, 
                         some were associated with floods in southern South America, but 
                         some had normal or mixed rainfalls (floods in some sub-regions, 
                         droughts in others)and a few even had droughts. C events (La 
                         Ninas, i.e. no EN, SOI positive, and SST negative)were associated 
                         mostly with droughts, but occasionally with floods in southern 
                         South America. Many non-events were associated with floods or 
                         droughts, indicating that factors other than EN/La Nina could also 
                         be important.",
                  doi = "10.1002/joc.713",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.713",
                 issn = "0899-8418",
                label = "9978",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "713_ftp.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "30 jun. 2024"
}