@Article{EmeryLSRRRMNERDCWPOHAJIR:1996:AsMaIo,
               author = "Emery, B. A. and Lu, G. and Szuszczewicz, E. P. and Richmond, A. 
                         D. and Roble, R. G. and Richards, P. G. and Miller, K. L. and 
                         Niciejewski, R. and Evans, D. S. and Rich, F. J. and Denig, W. F. 
                         and Chenette, D. L. and Wilkinson, P. and Pulinets, S. and 
                         O'Loughlin, K. F. and Hanbaba, R. and Abdu, Mangalathyil Ali and 
                         Jiao, P. and Igarashi, K. and Reddy, B. M",
                title = "Assimilative mapping of ionospheric electrodynamics in the 
                         thermosphere-ionosphere general circulation model comparasins with 
                         global ionospheric and thermospheric observation during the 
                         GEM/SUNDIAL period of March 28-29, 1992",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",
                 year = "1996",
               volume = "101",
               number = "(A12)",
                pages = "26681--26696",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "AERONOMIA, jun{\c{c}}{\~a}o ionosfera-magnetosfera, tempestades 
                         magn{\'e}ticas, campos el{\'e}tricos, magnetosphere ionosphere 
                         coupling, magnetic storms, electric fields.",
             abstract = "Satellite and ground-based observations from March 28 to 29, 1992, 
                         were combined in the assimilative mapping of ionospheric 
                         electrodynamics (AMIE) procedure to derive realistic global 
                         distributions of the auroral precipitation and ionospheric 
                         convection which were used as inputs to the National Center for 
                         Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere general 
                         circulation model (TIGCM). Comparisons of neutral model winds were 
                         made with Fabry-Perot measurements and meridional winds derived 
                         front ionosondes. The peak equatorward winds occurred 1-2 hours 
                         later in the model. Gravity waves launched from high-latitude 
                         Joule heating sources reached the equator in about 2 hours and 
                         agreed with observed variations in the height of the maximum 
                         electron density (hmF2) and in the meridional winds. Joule heating 
                         events produced minima in the O/N-2 ratio that moved equatorward 
                         and usually westward in longitudinal strips which lasted about a 
                         day. Changes in the O/N-2 ratio and in the peak electron density 
                         (NmF2) were strongly correlated so the observed daytime NmF2 
                         values for stations near 50 degrees magnetic latitude were 
                         generally reproduced by MIE-TIGCM on the second day of the 
                         simulation, The AMIE-TIGCM underestimated the electron density 
                         after midnight by up to a factor of 2 in midlatitudes, while the 
                         modeled F2 layer was about 35 km lower than the observations at 
                         midnight. Shifting the model winds 2 hours earlier at night could 
                         double the NmF2 at 0400 LT and increase hmF2 by 20 km. NmF2 could 
                         also be increasedat night by realistically increasing the TIGCM 
                         nighttime downward fluxes of O+ at the upper boundary.",
                 issn = "0148-0227 and 2156-2202",
                label = "9629",
           targetfile = "8694.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "17 jun. 2024"
}