@MastersThesis{Viana:2009:CoEsPr,
author = "Viana, Denilson Ribeiro",
title = "Comportamento espa{\c{c}}o-temporal da precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o
na Regi{\~a}o Sul do Brasil utilizando dados TRMM e SRTM",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2009",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2009-04-03",
keywords = "precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o, climatologia, variabilidade,
tend{\^e}ncia geogr{\'a}fica, TRMM, rainfall, climatology,
variability, geographic trend.",
abstract = "Este trabalho investiga o comportamento espa{\c{c}}o-temporal da
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o pluvial na Regi{\~a}o Sul do Brasil
entre 1988 e 2007. A avalia{\c{c}}{\~a}o concentrou-se em
tr{\^e}s aspectos: 1) principais caracter{\'{\i}}sticas
climatol{\'o}gicas, 2) tend{\^e}ncia geogr{\'a}fica, com base
nas fei{\c{c}}{\~o}es do relevo, e 3) principais modos de
variabilidade. Foram utilizados dois conjuntos complementares de
dados de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o: postos pluviom{\'e}tricos e
estimativas de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o do sat{\'e}lite Tropical
Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), produto 3B43. A
avalia{\c{c}}{\~a}o das fei{\c{c}}{\~o}es do relevo foi
conduzida com o aux{\'{\i}}lio do Modelo Digital de
Eleva{\c{c}}{\~a}o (MDE) oriundo do Shuttle Radar Topography
Mission (SRTM), a partir do qual foram identificadas tr{\^e}s
sub-regi{\~o}es: 1) Litoral, 2) Campanha e 3) Planalto. As
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas climatol{\'o}gicas da
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o foram avaliadas atrav{\'e}s de
estat{\'{\i}}sticas descritivas (m{\'e}dia e desvio
padr{\~a}o) sazonal e anual. A an{\'a}lise de tend{\^e}ncia
geogr{\'a}fica foi realizada para cada sub-regi{\~a}o
identificada atrav{\'e}s de regress{\~a}o linear m{\'u}ltipla
da precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\`a}s suas
coordenadas (latitude e longitude). A variabilidade da
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o foi avaliada por meio de
Fun{\c{c}}{\~o}es Ortogonais Emp{\'{\i}}ricas (EOF), enquanto
os sistemas atmosf{\'e}ricos respons{\'a}veis pelos principais
modos de EOF foram investigados a partir dos boletins
Climan{\'a}lise. Os resultados da climatologia, quando comparados
a estudos anteriores, apontam uma diminui{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
participa{\c{c}}{\~a}o da precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o de inverno na
regi{\~a}o, e um aumento nas esta{\c{c}}{\~o}es de
transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o, especialmente na primavera. Os desvios em
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\`a} m{\'e}dia variaram entre 40% e 70%. A
tend{\^e}ncia geogr{\'a}fica da precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o foi
mais expressiva na metade quente do ano no Litoral, em
fun{\c{c}}{\~a}o da Zona de Converg{\^e}ncia do Atl{\^a}ntico
Sul (ZCAS) e de precipita{\c{c}}{\~o}es orogr{\'a}ficas. Nos
meses frios, a tend{\^e}ncia foi mais pronunciada na Campanha
devido aos sistemas frontais e ciclones extratropicais. No
Planalto, a tend{\^e}ncia mostrou-se moderada no ver{\~a}o
devido a ZCAS; e no outono, por conta da atua{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos
sistemas frontais e ciclones extratropicais. Os principais modos
de variabilidade da precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o t{\^e}m como causas
distintos sistemas. No inverno, destaca-se a atua{\c{c}}{\~a}o
de sistemas frontais semi-estacion{\'a}rios, favorecidos por
epis{\'o}dios de bloqueios atmosf{\'e}ricos. No inverno e
esta{\c{c}}{\~o}es de transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o, destaca-se a
atua{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos ciclones extratropicais, em geral em
associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o com sistemas frontais. Nos meses quentes,
os Complexos Convectivos de Mesoescala s{\~a}o os principais
respons{\'a}veis pela variabilidade observada. ABSTRACT: This
work investigates the space-temporal behavior of rainfall in
Southern Brazil during the 1988 and 2007 period. The evaluation
was based on three features: 1) climatological aspects, 2)
geographic trends from relief features, and 3) main variability
modes. Two complementary data sets of rainfall were used: rain
gauges and rainfall estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring
Mission (TRMM), product 3B43. The assessment of relief features
was made using the Digital Elevation Model (MDE) from Shuttle
Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), where three sub regions were
identified: 1) Litoral (seacoast), 2) Campanha (countryside), and
3) Planalto (plateau). The rainfall climatological features were
evaluated using basic statistics parameters. The trend geographic
analysis was made for each sub region identified by multiple
linear regression of rainfall versus their coordinates (latitude
and longitude). The rainfall variability was evaluated by
Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF), while the weather systems
analysis associated with the EOF modes were based on
Climan{\'a}lise, from INPE/CPTEC. The climatological analysis
show that rainfall amount is decreasing during the southern winter
period, but it is increasing in the transition seasons, mainly in
the southern spring. The standard deviations from the average were
between 40% and 70%. The rainfall trend was most expressive in the
warmest half of the year in Litoral sub region, because of South
Atlantic Convergence Zone (ZCAS) and orographic precipitation. In
the coldest months, the trend was more pronounced in Campanha due
to frontal systems and extratropical cyclones. In the Planalto sub
region, the trend was moderate in the summer due to ZCAS location,
and in the autumn due to frontal systems and extratropical
cyclones. The main modes of the observed rainfall variability in
Southern Brazil have different causes. In the winter, the action
of semi-stationary frontal systems was favored by blocking
episodes. Also in the winter and transitions seasons,
extratropical cyclones in association with frontal systems play an
important role to the observed rainfall amount. In the warmest
months, Mesoscale Convective Complexes was mainly responsible for
the observed variability in the period.",
committee = "Valeriano, M{\'a}rcio de Morisson (presidente) and Ferreira,
Nelson Jesus (orientador) and Conforte, Jorge Conrado (orientador)
and Sansigolo, Cl{\'o}vis Angeli and Silva, Maria Elisa
Siqueira",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Space-temporal behavior of rainfall in Southern Brazil using TRMM
and SRTM data",
language = "pt",
pages = "162",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP8W/359H9BE",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP8W/359H9BE",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "16 jun. 2024"
}