@Article{MachadoLiViMoAnLa:2006:TeApSa,
               author = "Machado, Luiz Augusto Toledo and Lima, Wagner Flauber Araujo and 
                         Vila, Daniel and Morales, C. R. and Angelis, Carlos Frederico and 
                         Laurent, H.",
          affiliation = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Centro de 
                         Previs{\~a}o de Tempo e Estudos Clim{\'a}ticos (CPTEC) and 
                         Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Centro de 
                         Previs{\~a}o de Tempo e Estudos Clim{\'a}ticos (CPTEC) and 
                         Instituto Nacional del Agua, INA, Argentina and Instituto 
                         Astron{\^o}mico e Geof{\'{\i}}sico, IAG/USP and Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Centro de Previs{\~a}o de 
                         Tempo e Estudos Clim{\'a}ticos (CPTEC) and Institut de Recherche 
                         pour le D{\'e}veloppement IRD, France",
                title = "Forecasting and tracking of the evolution of cloud cluster 
                         (ForTraCC): The technique applied to satellite and the integration 
                         with radar and lightning data",
              journal = "Geophysical Research Abstracts",
                 year = "2006",
               volume = "8",
                pages = "SRef-ID: 1607--7962/gra/EGU06--A-01512",
                month = "Apr.",
             keywords = "meteorology satellite, FORTRACC, radar, electrical activity, 
                         cycle.",
             abstract = "The relationship between convective system area expansion, at the 
                         initiation stage, and the life cycle duration allows this 
                         parameter to be used as a tool for nowcasting. The area expansion 
                         reaches its maximum value during the initiation stage of the 
                         convec- tive systems and later, the upper level wind divergence 
                         reaches its maximum, at or just before to the mature stage. The 
                         maximum area expansion occurs close to the time of maximum 
                         precipitation and about 4 hours before the maximum cold cloud 
                         fraction at the same threshold. Also, the area expansion can be 
                         used to determine the convective system life stage and to supply 
                         information about the condensation processes and the upper level 
                         wind divergence. The average area expansion at the initiation 
                         stage varies exponentially with the life cycle duration. This work 
                         introduces the operational prod- uct FORTRACC (FORecasting and 
                         TRAcking of the evolution of Cloud Clusters) used to describe the 
                         convective systems life cycle and its nowcasting. The results 
                         using GOES IR image and radar CAPPI 3 km are presented to describe 
                         the performance of this technique. Finally, it presents the 
                         preliminary results of different techniques used by CPTEC for 
                         nowcasting, as for example: the combination of IR and WV channel 
                         to predict lightning activity, the application of ascend/descend 
                         cloud top rate, using weather radar, to forecast the convection 
                         intensity and duration of convective cells and the combination of 
                         FORTRACC with the information of lightning activity, allowing to 
                         describe the evolution of electrical activity during the 
                         convective system life cycle.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
                 issn = "1029-7006",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Machado.forecasting.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "16 jun. 2024"
}