@Article{LealGuimKamp:2021:SoSpPr,
               author = "Leal, Philipe Riskalla and Guimar{\~a}es, Ricardo Jos{\'e} de 
                         Paula e Sousa and Kampel, Milton",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Evandro Chagas} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the 
                         state of Para, Brazil, based on reported notified cases",
              journal = "Geospatial Health",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "16",
               number = "2",
                pages = "e981",
             keywords = "Hepatitis-A socioepidemiological profilespace-time scan 
                         statisticspatial epidemiologyBrazilian Amazon.",
             abstract = "Hepatitis-A virus is a worldwide healthcare problem, mainly 
                         affecting countries with poor sanitary and socioeconomic 
                         conditions. This communication evaluates the spatiotemporal 
                         variability of the disease's socioepidemiological profile in one 
                         of the endemic Brazilian regions (Para State) prior to (2008-2013) 
                         and after (2014-2017) the launch of the national public 
                         vaccination programme. Hepatitis-A epidemiological reports 
                         concerning Para State Brazil were used for this study including 
                         municipality level data of the disease's reported positive 
                         notification cases (PNCs). The analyses involved 
                         socioepidemiological profiling and space-time scan statistics. A 
                         total of 5500 PNCs were reported in the study period. On average, 
                         PNCs decreased over time throughout the state, with strongest 
                         drops after 2015. The PNCs were specific for gender, race/ethnic 
                         origin and age group. The predominant gender and race/ethnic 
                         groups was male and brown, respectively. While children were the 
                         most susceptible age group prior to 2015, there was a shift 
                         towards older ages (young and adults) in later years. Those found 
                         to be the most affected by the disease, as shown by space-time 
                         scan statistics, were people in densely populated municipalities 
                         with unsatisfactory sanitary conditions and also less well covered 
                         by the public vaccination programme. Despite drops in the number 
                         of hepatitis-A PNCs, thanks to the national vaccination programme, 
                         the disease still persists in Para State and elsewhere in Brazil. 
                         The present study reinforces the need of continuous prevention and 
                         control strategies for effective control and erradication of 
                         hepatitis-A.",
                  doi = "10.4081/gh.2021.981",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/gh.2021.981",
                 issn = "1827-1987 and 1970-7096",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "leal_2021.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "11 jun. 2024"
}