@Article{GomesCavaMüll:2021:20DrIm,
               author = "Gomes, Mariah Souza and Cavalcanti, Iracema Fonseca de Albuquerque 
                         and M{\"u}ller, Gabriela V.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Consejo Nacional de 
                         Investigaciones Cient{\'{\i}}ficas y T{\'e}cnicas (CONICET)}",
                title = "2019/2020 drought impacts on South America and atmospheric and 
                         oceanic influences",
              journal = "Weather and Climate Extremes",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "34",
                pages = "e100404",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "Atmosphere and ocean features, Drought, Impacts, Precipitation 
                         anomalies, South America.",
             abstract = "The 2019/2020 drought in South America caused many impacts on 
                         several sectors, as agriculture, water resources and environment, 
                         which are reported here. Besides, there is a discussion about 
                         anomalies in the atmosphere and ocean during the analyzed period. 
                         In a regional scale, there was a reduction of humidity flux over 
                         the continent, and in a large scale, the occurrence of different 
                         processes could have contributed to the dry conditions. There was 
                         a persistent pattern of west-east convection anomalies in the 
                         tropical Pacific that could be related to the steady conditions 
                         observed over South America and southeast South Atlantic from 
                         September 2019 to March 2020. The extreme positive phase of the 
                         Indian Ocean Dipole during 2019 austral spring was another event 
                         that could have influenced temperature and precipitation in South 
                         America through a wavetrain from the Indian Ocean to the South 
                         American continent. The Sudden Stratospheric Warming that occurred 
                         in September 2019 induced the negative phase of the Southern 
                         Annular Mode in December, which generated subsidence over the 
                         subtropics and affected the precipitation over South America. In 
                         addition, from September 2019 to March 2020, the heating observed 
                         in the stratosphere propagated to the troposphere over South 
                         America. Ocean indices from 1982 to 2020 are analyzed in the 
                         context of dry conditions in the continent and it was observed the 
                         relations with AMO, PDO, IOD and El Niņo 3.4. From September 2019 
                         to March 2020, there were positive SST anomalies in all oceans, 
                         mainly in the North Atlantic Ocean, which could have contributed 
                         also to subsidence over South America through a meridional 
                         circulation, as seen in other cases. At the end of the studied 
                         period, the development of La Niņa extended the situation of 
                         reduced precipitation in Southern Brazil.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.wace.2021.100404",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2021.100404",
                 issn = "2212-0947",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "gomes_2019.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "29 jun. 2024"
}