@MastersThesis{Pizzochero:2022:CoPrPa,
author = "Pizzochero, Renan Martins",
title = "Contribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos principais padr{\~o}es de
teleconex{\~o}es extratropicais do Hemisf{\'e}rio Sul para a
variabilidade clim{\'a}tica da Am{\'e}rica do Sul",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2022",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2021-12-09",
keywords = "teleconex{\~a}o, trem de onda, PAS, MAS, variabilidade
clim{\'a}tica, teleconnection, wave train, PSA, SAM, climate
variability.",
abstract = "Variabilidade clim{\'a}tica indica varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es no
estado m{\'e}dio do clima em v{\'a}rias escalas temporais, tais
como subsazonal (10 a 30 dias), intrassazonal (30 a 90 dias),
sazonal (entre esta{\c{c}}{\~o}es), interanual (entre anos),
multidecenal (entre d{\'e}cadas). As teleconex{\~o}es indicam
rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es clim{\'a}ticas entre lugares distantes,
sendo respons{\'a}veis por algumas variabilidades no sistema
terrestre, tanto no Hemisf{\'e}rio Norte (HN) quanto no HS (HS).
Os Modos Anulares s{\~a}o os principais modos de variabilidade
clim{\'a}tica da regi{\~a}o extratropical, atuando em ambos os
hemisf{\'e}rios. Eles descrevem uma anomalia no campo de
press{\~a}o, entre regi{\~o}es de latitudes m{\'e}dias e
latitudes polares, indicando um padr{\~a}o {"}gangorra{"} Norte-
Sul de massa atmosf{\'e}rica. No HS {\'e} chamado de Modo Anular
Sul (MAS). O padr{\~a}o Pac{\'{\i}}fico Am{\'e}rica do Sul
(PAS) {\'e} um trem de onda de baixa frequ{\^e}ncia que se
estende do Pac{\'{\i}}fico Sul at{\'e} a Am{\'e}rica do Sul
(AS). Entender a rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre padr{\~o}es de
teleconex{\~a}o que afetam a AS {\'e} de grande import{\^a}ncia
para compreender a variabilidade e a din{\^a}mica do clima nesse
continente. Para esse estudo, foram utilizadas sa{\'{\i}}das
di{\'a}rias da Rean{\'a}lise ERA-Interim, dados de
Radia{\c{c}}{\~a}o de Onda Longa Emergente (ROL) do National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) e dados di{\'a}rios de
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o do Climate Prediction Center/National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (CPC/NOAA). Anomalias
di{\'a}rias para cada vari{\'a}vel foram calculadas, usando a
climatologia de 1981 a 2010. As anomalias foram filtradas
utilizando o filtro de Lanczos nas bandas de 10 a 30 e 45 a 90
dias. O m{\'e}todo de Fun{\c{c}}{\~o}es Ortogonais
Emp{\'{\i}}ricas foi aplicado ao geopotencial em 700 hPa e 200
hPa para obter os modos de variabilidade e as respectivas
s{\'e}ries das amplitudes nas duas escalas temporais. Foram
selecionados os extremos positivos e negativos de cada modo das
s{\'e}ries das amplitudes de altura geopotencial em 700 hPa e
altura geopotencial em 200 hPa para as duas bandas de
variabilidade. Compostos de vari{\'a}veis atmosf{\'e}ricas foram
calculados visando entender a rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre as
teleconex{\~o}es e a variabilidade das vari{\'a}veis
atmosf{\'e}ricas. Foram obtidas as configura{\c{c}}{\~o}es
atmosf{\'e}ricas em casos de m{\'a}ximas amplitudes das
principais teleconex{\~o}es extratropicais do HS em duas bandas
de variabilidade, com o entendimento da intera{\c{c}}{\~a}o
entre os modos (centros de a{\c{c}}{\~a}o comuns e intensidade
das correntes de jato). As duas escalas de variabilidade
apresentaram configura{\c{c}}{\~o}es distintas com
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o aos centros de a{\c{c}}{\~a}o, embora o
padr{\~a}o dominante tenha sido o MAS e os outros dois modos
representarem trens de onda de Rossby. Na variabilidade
subsazonal, o centro mais intenso nas latitudes m{\'e}dias do
modo anular se localiza sobre o Oceano Pac{\'{\i}}fico, enquanto
na variabilidade intrassazonal, sobre o Oceano {\'{\I}}ndico. Na
escala subsazonal, os trens de onda s{\~a}o zonais, enquanto na
escala intrassazonal apresenta o padr{\~a}o t{\'{\i}}pico do
PAS. Compostos de casos com amplitudes extremas dos modos
indicaram caracter{\'{\i}}sticas opostas nas fases opostas dos
modos nos campos de anomalias de geopotencial, ROL e
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o sobre a AS. Nos compostos dos dois modos
verificou-se que a presen{\c{c}}a do MAS intensifica a
influ{\^e}ncia dos trens de onda sobre a AS, com impactos nas
anomalias de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o. ABSTRACT: Climate
variability indicates variations in the mean climate state at
various time scales, such as subseasonal (10 to 30 days),
intraseasonal (30 to 90 days), seasonal (between seasons),
interannual (between years), multidecadal (between decades).
Teleconnections indicate climatic relationships between distant
places, being responsible for variabilities in the terrestrial
system, both in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and in the Southern
Hemisphere (SH). The Annular Modes are the main modes of climate
variability in the extratropical region, acting in both
hemispheres. They describe an anomaly in the pressure field,
between regions of mid-latitudes and polar latitudes, indicating a
North- South {"}see-saw{"} pattern of atmospheric mass. In the SH
it is called Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The Pacific South
America (PSA) is a low-frequency wave train that extends from the
South Pacific to South America (SA). Understanding the
relationship between teleconnection patterns that affect SA is of
great importance to understand the variability and dynamics of
climate on this continent. For this study, daily outputs from the
ERA-Interim Reanalysis, Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data
from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and daily
precipitation data from the Climate Prediction Center/National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (CPC)/NOAA were used. Daily
anomalies for each variable were calculated using the climatology
from 1981 to 2010. Anomalies were filtered using the Lanczos
filter in the bands from 10 to 30 and 45 to 90 days. The method of
Empirical Orthogonal Functions was applied to the geopotential at
700 hPa and 200 hPa to obtain the modes of variability and the
respective series of amplitudes on the two time scales. The
positive and negative extremes for each mode of the amplitudes of
geopotential height at 700 hPa and geopotential height at 200 hPa
series were selected for the two variability bands. Composites of
atmospheric variables were calculated in order to understand the
relationship between teleconnections and the variability of
atmospheric variables. Atmospheric configurations were obtained in
cases of maximum amplitudes of the main extratropical HS
teleconnections in two variability bands, with the understanding
of the interaction between the modes (common action centers and
jet stream intensity). The two variability scales presented
different configurations regarding the action centers, although
the dominant pattern was the SAM and the other two modes
represented Rossby wave trains. In the subseasonal variability,
the most intense center in the middle latitudes of the annular
mode is located over the Pacific Ocean, while in the intraseasonal
variability, over the Indian Ocean. In the subseasonal scale, the
wave trains are zonal, while in the intra-seasonal scale, it
presents the typical pattern of the PSA. Composites of cases with
extreme amplitudes of the modes indicated opposite characteristics
in the opposite phases of the modes in the fields of geopotential
anomalies, OLR and precipitation over SA. In the composites of the
two modes, it was verified that the presence of the SAM
intensifies the influence of the wave trains on SA, with impacts
on the precipitation anomalies.",
committee = "Coelho, Caio Augusto dos Santos (presidente) and Cavalcanti,
Iracema Fonseca de Albuquerque (orientadora) and Vasconcellos,
Fernanda Cerqueira",
englishtitle = "Contribution of the main extratropical teleconnections patterns of
the Southern Hemisphere to the climate variability in South
America",
language = "pt",
pages = "129",
ibi = "QABCDSTQQW/46B9QHP",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/QABCDSTQQW/46B9QHP",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "06 jun. 2024"
}