@InProceedings{CamargoDPNTPCJBBFTJH:2022:PaPrLi,
               author = "Camargo, L{\'a}zaro Aparecido Pires de and Dos Santos, Walter 
                         Abrah{\~a}o and Pineros, Jhonathan O. M. and Naccarato, Kleber 
                         Pinheiro and Tikami, auro and Pereira J{\'u}nior, Antonio Carlos 
                         de Oliveira and Cisotto, Marcus Vinicius and Julio Filho, Antonio 
                         Cassiano and Bueno, Luiz Antonio dos Reis and Brito, Antonio F. de 
                         and Florentino, {\^A}ngelo Jos{\'e} Augusto and Teixeira, 
                         Lincoln and Junqueira, Bruno Carneiro and Horna, Andr{\'e}s 
                         Fernando Paredes",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal 
                         de S{\~a}o Paulo (UNIFESP)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "A payload proposal for lightning flash detection using a 
                         nanosatellites",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2022",
         organization = "IAA Latin American CubeSat Workshop, 5.",
            publisher = "AIAA",
             keywords = "RaioSat, Lightning Flash Detection, Smallsats, Climate Change.",
             abstract = "The purpose of the RaioSat nanosatellite mission is primarily to 
                         detect both intra-cloud lightning and cloud-to-ground lightning 
                         simultaneously, the so-called total lightning data using an 
                         optical sensor and a VHF antenna to detect the radio frequency 
                         signatures of these lightnings. As RaioSat will only carry a 
                         payload to acquire this data for a time-limited mission, the 
                         nanosatellite must be launched during a window that maximizes data 
                         collection in the lightning season in Brazil, which runs from 
                         October to March. Currently, lightning detection from space is 
                         implemented with instruments such as the Lightning Imaging Sensor 
                         (LIS) on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRRM). Another 
                         example is the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) on 
                         Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). With 
                         dimensions of 20 cm x 35 cm for the LIS and 150 cm x 65 cm for the 
                         GLM, these instruments are big in terms of usability on small 
                         satellites. In this paper a proposal for enabling a hardware and 
                         software prototype of an optical lightning detection payload for 
                         the RaioSat mission is discussed where it is assumed that optical 
                         part of the payload is already provided. The current RaioSat 
                         nanosatellite prototype is planned for a 3-U-sized cubesat 
                         platform initially in a circular orbit with an inclination of 
                         approximately 25 degrees and an altitude of 650 km. This results 
                         in a complete orbit of 98 minutes with passes through Brazil of 
                         approximately 15 to 20 minutes depending on the orbit. The RaioSAT 
                         mission intends innovatively to: (i) transfer the technology of 
                         optical lightning detection to a nanosatellite platform; (ii) add 
                         VHF signal detection and recognition as an effective trigger for 
                         lightning events in order to reduce onboard processing and, 
                         consequently, payload size and power consumption; (iii) 
                         distinguish between cloudto-ground and intra-cloud flashes using a 
                         combined optical and VHF detection technique; (iv) provide 
                         worldwide lightning detection capability at low cost and high 
                         flexibility using a prospective satellite constellation structure 
                         in the future. The payload development strategy includes various 
                         incrementing investigation steps: a) prototype the detector using 
                         an ARM microcontroller and camera; b) prototype a detector using 
                         FPGA and camera; c) development of a mini OBC for testing; d) 
                         final validation and testing. This project will be carried out by 
                         the Division of Small Satellites of INPE - National Institute for 
                         Space Research.",
  conference-location = "Bras{\'{\i}}lia, DF",
      conference-year = "07-10 nov. 2022",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "camargo_payload.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "23 maio 2024"
}