@Article{RosanSiMeHeFiAr:2022:FrDiTr,
               author = "Rosan, Thais M. and Sitch, Stephen and Mercado, Lina. M. and 
                         Heinrich, Viola and Firedlingstein, Pierre and Arag{\~a}o, Luiz 
                         Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de",
          affiliation = "{University of Exeter} and {University of Exeter} and {University 
                         of Exeter} and {University of Bristol} and {University of Exeter} 
                         and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Fragmentation-Driven Divergent Trends in Burned Area in Amazonia 
                         and Cerrado",
              journal = "Frontiers in Forests and Global Change",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "5",
                pages = "e801408",
                month = "Feb.",
             keywords = "Amazonia, burned area fraction, Cerrado, fire, land use 
                         management, landscape fragmentation.",
             abstract = "The two major Brazilian biomes, the Amazonia and the Cerrado 
                         (savanna), are increasingly exposed to fires. The Amazonian Forest 
                         is a fire sensitive ecosystem where fires are a typically rare 
                         disturbance while the Cerrado is naturally fire-dependent. Human 
                         activities, such as landscape fragmentation and land-use 
                         management, have modified the fire regime of the Cerrado and 
                         introduced fire into the Amazonian Forest. There is limited 
                         understanding of the role of landscape fragmentation on fire 
                         occurrence in the Amazonia and Cerrado biomes. Due to differences 
                         in vegetation structure, composition, and land use characteristics 
                         in each biome, we hypothesize that the emerging burned area (BA) 
                         patterns will result from biome-specific fire responses to 
                         fragmentation. The aim of this study was to test the general 
                         relationship between BA, landscape fragmentation, and agricultural 
                         land in the Amazonia and the Cerrado biomes. To estimate the 
                         trends and status of landscape fragmentation a Forest Area Density 
                         (FAD) index was calculated based on the MapBiomas land cover 
                         dataset for both biomes between 2002 and 2018. BA fraction was 
                         analyzed within native vegetation against the FAD and agricultural 
                         land fraction. Our results showed an increase in landscape 
                         fragmentation across 16% of Amazonia and 15% of Cerrado. We 
                         identified an opposite relationship between BA fraction, and 
                         landscape fragmentation and agricultural fraction contrasting the 
                         two biomes. For Amazonia, both landscape fragmentation and 
                         agricultural fraction increased BA fraction due to an increase of 
                         human ignition activities. For the Cerrado, on the other hand, an 
                         increase in landscape fragmentation and agricultural fraction 
                         caused a decrease in BA fraction within the native vegetation. For 
                         both biomes, we found that during drought years BA increases 
                         whilst the divergent trends driven by fragmentation in the two 
                         contrasting global biomes is maintained. This understanding will 
                         be critical to informing the representation of fire dynamics in 
                         fire-enable Dynamic Global Vegetation Models and Earth System 
                         Models for climate projection and future ecosystem service 
                         provision.",
                  doi = "10.3389/ffgc.2022.801408",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2022.801408",
                 issn = "2624-893X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "ffgc-05-801408.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "29 jun. 2024"
}