@Article{WiltshireVonRosTejCas:2022:UnRoLa,
               author = "Wiltshire, Andrew J. and Von Randow, Celso and Rosan, Thais 
                         Michele and Tejada Pinel, Graciela and Castro, Aline Anderson de",
          affiliation = "{Met Office Hadley Centre} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of Exeter} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Understanding the role of land¿use emissions in achieving the 
                         Brazilian Nationally Determined Contribution to mitigate climate 
                         change",
              journal = "Climate Resilience and Sustainability",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "1",
                pages = "1--19",
             keywords = "Climate, Land Use Change, Deforestation, Carbon, Carbon removal, 
                         Greenhouse Gas Inventory.",
             abstract = "Brazil has experienced huge areas of forest loss over recent 
                         decades withan estimated removal of 80 MHa of natural forest since 
                         1990. Deforestationcreates substantial greenhouse emissions that 
                         have historically dominated allother sectors. Effective governance 
                         has reduced deforestation and net land-useemissions have fallen by 
                         74% since the mid-2000s. Anthropogenic carbonremoval from 
                         secondary forest regrowth and protected areas has increasedby 62%, 
                         which has helped drive the reduction in net emissions, 
                         offsettinggross emissions which have fallen by 44%. Major 
                         Brazilian biomes, such asthe Atlantic Forest are net-sinks and the 
                         Amazon was near net-zero in 2010.Deforestation has increased over 
                         the last 10-years and now stands at a decadalhigh in the Amazon 
                         region. These increases in deforestation put Brazil at riskof 
                         missing its original National Determined Contribution; however, 
                         the recentrevision has substantially increased the 2005 baseline 
                         and therefore the overalltarget. Carbon removals in the forest 
                         sector play an increasingly importantrole in reducing emissions 
                         and achieving the NDC. The Brazilian target ofachieving 12 MHa of 
                         reforestation and restoration has the potential to furtheroffset 
                         emissions through enhanced regrowth. However, the natural carbon 
                         sinksof Brazil are weakening. The Amazon forest is the single 
                         largest Brazilian biomefor natural carbon uptake but when combined 
                         with land-use emissions has seena net loss over the last 30 years. 
                         The natural sink remains large, but ecosystemresilience is 
                         declining driven by global and local climate change linked to 
                         risinginternational emissions and changing circulation patterns 
                         associated with localdeforestation and degradation. These combine 
                         to make realizing the hugepotential for carbon removal more 
                         challenging. It remains evident that forestprotection and avoided 
                         degradation and disturbance is the best way to mitigateemissions 
                         and reduce climate impacts.",
                  doi = "10.1002/cli2.31",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cli2.31",
                 issn = "2692-4587",
                label = "lattes: 0535860239259102 2 WiltshireRanRosTejCas:2022:UnRoLa",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Climate Resilience - 2022 - Wiltshire - Understanding the role of 
                         land\‐use emissions in achieving the Brazilian 
                         Nationally.pdf",
                  url = "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cli2.31",
        urlaccessdate = "06 jun. 2024"
}