@Article{SilvaKamp:2022:CoPaBr,
               author = "Silva, Gabriel Lucas Xavier da and Kampel, Milton",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Connectivity patterns of Brazilian coral reefs associated with 
                         potential variation on thermal stress tolerance",
              journal = "Frontiers in Marine Science",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "9",
                pages = "1001185",
             keywords = "coral reefs, larval connectivity, sea surface temperature, coral 
                         bleaching, thermal stress.",
             abstract = "The rising trend in sea surface temperature presents a threat to 
                         tropical coral reefs, causing increased mass bleaching and 
                         mortality events. Brazilian reefs have been characterized as less 
                         susceptible to thermal stress, where the assessment of bleaching 
                         events based on temperature anomalies often overpredicts its 
                         actual occurrences in comparison with other regions of the global 
                         ocean. With coral reefs acclimatized to local environmental 
                         conditions, larval connectivity presents a potential role in 
                         introducing organisms adapted to different temperature conditions. 
                         In the present study, we evaluated the connectivity patterns of 
                         Brazilian coral reefs, verifying its potential influence on the 
                         variation of thermal stress tolerance supported by these 
                         communities. Connectivity was estimated based on 27-year larval 
                         dispersion simulations, from 1993 to 2019, among 180 reef sites 
                         distributed in seven ecoregions on the Brazilian continental 
                         margin. Simulations were performed using a biophysical model 
                         coupling ocean currents data and life history traits of 
                         Mussismilia hispida, a widespread stony-coral type species and one 
                         of the major endemic reef builders in the South Atlantic. The 
                         potential influence of larval connectivity on thermal stress 
                         tolerance was evaluated considering the probability of connections 
                         between each reef site, their respective bleaching thresholds, and 
                         the accumulation of sea surface temperature anomalies over 12-week 
                         periods. The results indicated that connectivity-influenced 
                         bleaching estimations were significantly closer to observations 
                         reported in the literature when compared to estimations without 
                         connectivity (p-value < 0.05). These findings present an evidence 
                         that larval connectivity may display a relevant role in the 
                         adaptation of Brazilian corals to changes in seawater temperature, 
                         leading to a potential variation of ± 0.3°C in local thermal 
                         stress thresholds. Different connectivity patterns assessed during 
                         the occurrence of El Niño Southern Oscillation events were also 
                         observed in association with the migrations of the South 
                         Equatorial Current bifurcation. These conditions led to the 
                         disruption of connections between the Eastern and Northeastern 
                         reef sites during El Niño, and between the Northeastern and Amazon 
                         reef sites during La Niña. Ultimately, it is expected that those 
                         findings may contribute to the management of Brazilian coral reefs 
                         regarding changes in dispersal pathways and thermal stress 
                         tolerance given future climate change scenarios.",
                  doi = "10.3389/fmars.2022.1001185",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1001185",
                 issn = "2296-7745",
                label = "lattes: 0063119667740811 2 SilvaKamp:2022:CoPaBr",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "fmars-09-1001185.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "23 maio 2024"
}