@Article{MaoZoAlMaTaSaKu:2022:PhCoSu,
               author = "Mao, Y. and Zou, Y. and Alves, Lincoln Muniz and Macau, Elbert 
                         Einstein Nehrer and Taschetto, A. S. and Santoso, A. and Kurths, 
                         J.",
          affiliation = "{East China Normal University} and {} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of New South Wales} and 
                         {University of New South Wales} and {Potsdam Institute for Climate 
                         Impact Research}",
                title = "Phase Coherence Between Surrounding Oceans Enhances Precipitation 
                         Shortages in Northeast Brazil",
              journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "49",
               number = "9",
                pages = "e2021GL097647",
                month = "May",
             keywords = "Northeast Brazil droughts, SS, Ttropical Atlantic, ENSO, phase 
                         coherence analysis, teleconnections.",
             abstract = "Understanding the direct and indirect impact of the Pacific and 
                         Atlantic Oceans on precipitation in the region of Northeast Brazil 
                         (NEB) is crucial for monitoring unprecedented drought events. We 
                         propose nonlinear methods of phase coherence and generalized event 
                         synchronization analysis to understand the underlying mechanism. 
                         In particular, the relationships between sea surface temperature 
                         (SST) variability and the standard precipitation index are 
                         interpreted as direct interactions, while the relationships 
                         between surrounding oceans are interpreted as indirect effects on 
                         the precipitation. Our results reveal a dominant role of tropical 
                         North Atlantic for precipitation deficit and droughts, 
                         particularly in recent decades. Meanwhile, the indirect 
                         Pacific-North Atlantic phase synchronizations have significant 
                         influence on and reinforcement of the droughts in NEB. 
                         Furthermore, we find that the instantaneous angular frequencies of 
                         precipitation and SST are drastically changed after very strong El 
                         Nino and La Nina events, therefore resulting in a higher 
                         probability of phase coherence. Plain Language Summary Atmospheric 
                         teleconnections are coherent climate responses across the globe 
                         and commonly identified by large distance correlations, which have 
                         been largely included in climate analysis. Still, the nonlinear 
                         features of teleconnections to many places across the globe, 
                         including Northeast Brazil (NEB), have not been fully understood. 
                         Here, we propose a nonlinear framework of combining phase 
                         coherence with event synchronization analysis to further 
                         understand the teleconnections between the surrounding oceans and 
                         precipitation in NEB, which has been affected significantly by 
                         extreme droughts in the recent decade. We find that the North 
                         Atlantic Ocean plays a dominant role in affecting NEB rainfall 
                         variability. We also show that this influence has become more 
                         persistent in recent years compared to the impact from the 
                         tropical Pacific. At the same time, the teleconnection between 
                         Pacific and North Atlantic has also become more frequent in recent 
                         years, which suggests that these tropical ocean basin interactions 
                         reinforced the NEB droughts in recent decades.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2021GL097647",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097647",
                 issn = "0094-8276",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Geophysical Research Letters - 2022 - Mao - Phase Coherence 
                         Between Surrounding Oceans Enhances Precipitation Shortages 
                         in.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "29 jun. 2024"
}