@Article{MoroXDSRSSSCCLLWS:2022:BlSpLa,
               author = "Moro, Juliano and Xu, J. and Denardini, Clezio Marcos and Stefani, 
                         G. and Resende, Laysa Cristina Ara{\'u}jo and Santos, Angela 
                         Machado dos and Silva, Regia Pereira and Silvia, Ligia Alves da 
                         and Carmo, Carolina de Souza do and Carrasco, Alexander Jos{\'e} 
                         and Li, H. and Liu, Z. and Wang, C. and Schuch, Nelson Jorge",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {State Key 
                         Laboratory of Space Weather} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {State Key Laboratory of Space Weather} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {State Key Laboratory of Space Weather} and {State Key Laboratory 
                         of Space Weather} and {State Key Laboratory of Space Weather} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Blanketing Sporadic-E Layer Occurrences Over Santa Maria, a 
                         Transition Station From Low to Middle Latitude in the South 
                         American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA)",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "127",
               number = "12",
                pages = "e2022JA030900",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "E-region, SAMA, sporadic E layers, Esb, digisonde, MIRE model.",
             abstract = "Digisonde data obtained from July 2019 to June 2020 are used to 
                         study the overall occurrences of the blanketing types (Es-f,Es- 
                         Es-l, Es-h, Es-c) of the sporadic layers (Es-b) over Santa Maria, 
                         a transition station from low to middle latitude in the South 
                         American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). The results show that the 
                         average occurrence of the Es-b layers is 54%, being maximum in 
                         summer (66%), followed by spring (63%), autumn (55%), and winter 
                         (40%). Except during the winter, the Es-f is the predominant type, 
                         while the Es-c generally presents the lower occurrence. In 
                         general, the top (ftEs) and the blanketing (fbEs) frequencies 
                         range from 3 to 4 MHz between 100 and 110 km, with more pronounced 
                         values during daytime compared to nighttime. A comparison between 
                         the Es-b occurrences between Santa Maria and stations outside the 
                         SAMA shows a great reduction in Santa Maria. It is caused by the 
                         low intensity of the geomagnetic field, which affects the layer 
                         formation process controlled by the ion dynamics. The performance 
                         of the E-Region Ionospheric Model (MIRE), which use the tidal wind 
                         components provided by the Global Scale Wave Model as input, is 
                         analyzed in simulating the fbEs parameter and compared with 
                         measurements. The discrepancies between the modeled and measured 
                         fbEs are reduced when the meridional/zonal wind components are 
                         adjusted by some factor. This comparison contributes to our 
                         understanding of the role of the tidal winds over Santa Maria, a 
                         transition station from low to middle latitude in Brazil.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2022JA030900",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030900",
                 issn = "2169-9402",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "JGR Space Physics - 2022 - Moro - Blanketing Sporadic\‐E 
                         Layer Occurrences Over Santa Maria a Transition Station From 
                         Low.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "16 jun. 2024"
}