@InProceedings{MeloMare:2006:SiMiHo,
               author = "Melo, Maria Luciene Dias de and Marengo, Jose Antonio",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Simulations of the mid holocene climate in south America using the 
                         CPTEC AGCM",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2006",
               editor = "Vera, Carolina and Nobre, Carlos",
                pages = "307--310",
         organization = "International Conference on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and 
                         Oceanography, 8. (ICSHMO).",
            publisher = "American Meteorological Society (AMS)",
              address = "45 Beacon Hill Road, Boston, MA, USA",
             keywords = "mid-Holocene, Paleoclimate, past climate, orbital parameters and 
                         climate change.",
             abstract = "The objective this study is to analyze the climate and climate 
                         variability in the Mid Holocene (6000 years before present - BP), 
                         for South America. Grasping the past climates mechanisms and 
                         feedbacks is of great importance in the understanding of climate 
                         variability in the present and in future climate change 
                         projection, using global climate models. We use the atmospheric 
                         general circulation model (AGCM) of the CPTEC (Centro de 
                         Previs{\~a}o de Tempo e Estudos Clim{\'a}ticos), with a 
                         resolution of T062L28. In order to simulate the climate of the 
                         Holocene, the orbital parameters and carbon dioxide concentration 
                         (CO2) are changed to make them more representative of the 
                         Mid-Holocene. Using the set of climatologic sea surface 
                         temperature (SST) for present times as representative of the 
                         Mid-Holocene, the effect of the orbital parameters and carbon 
                         dioxide concentration as forcing in the simulations, the resulting 
                         climate is analyzed in the context of present times. Later, these 
                         simulations are compared with the Mid-Holecene simulations of a 
                         suite of AGCMs from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison 
                         Project (PMIP). The analysis is focused on circulation, 
                         temperature and rainfall. Simulation of short wave radiation (SW) 
                         in the top of the atmosphere is shown as the difference between 
                         the Mid Holcene simulation and the control run (present climate) 
                         and suggests that a larger amount of radiation arrives during the 
                         austral spring (August-September) in the mid-Holocene. That agrees 
                         with previous simulations. The temperature difference fields shows 
                         cooling in the mid-Holocene in most of South America, except for 
                         the south and Southeastern regions, where the model shows warming. 
                         The precipitation difference field suggests that Northeast Brazil 
                         was slightly more humid during the mid-Holocene and Southeastern a 
                         little drier, as compared to present climates. The near surface 
                         circulation fields shows that the Intertropical Convergence Zone 
                         was located to the south of its climatological position.",
  conference-location = "Foz do Igua{\c{c}}u",
      conference-year = "24-28 Apr. 2006",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
             language = "en",
         organisation = "American Meteorological Society (AMS)",
                  ibi = "cptec.inpe.br/adm_conf/2005/10.10.13.43",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/cptec.inpe.br/adm_conf/2005/10.10.13.43",
           targetfile = "307-310.pdf",
                 type = "Climate change in the SH",
        urlaccessdate = "19 abr. 2024"
}