@Article{LiebmannMaGlKoWaMa:1998:CoRaOu,
author = "Liebmann, Brant and Marengo, Jose Antonio and Glick, John D. and
Kousky, Vernon E. and Wainer, Ilana C. and Massambani, Oswaldo",
affiliation = "Climate Diagnostics Center, University of Colorado, Boulder,
Colorado and Centre for Weather Prediction and Climate Studies,
National Insitute for Space Studies, Sao Paulo, Brazil and Climate
Prediction Center, NCEP/NWS/NOAA, Washington, D.C. and Department
of Physical Oceanography, University of S{\~a}o Paulo, Sao Paulo,
Brazil and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of
S{\~a}o Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil",
title = "A comparison of rainfall, outgoing longwave radiation, and
divergence over the amazon basin",
journal = "Journal of Climate",
year = "1998",
volume = "11",
number = "11",
pages = "2898--2909",
month = "nov.",
keywords = "variability, convection.",
abstract = "Observed rainfall. outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), divergence,
and precipitation from the reanalysis project of the National
Centers for Environmental Prediction and die National Center for
Atmospheric Research art: compared over the Amazon Basin. The
spatial pattern of the mean and the phase of the annual cycle
generally compare well. except that the amplitude of the annual
cycle of model precipitation is much smaller than observed. On
10-30-day timescales. it is shown that averaging stations within a
5 degrees radius is approximately equivalent to total wavenumber
20 (T20) spatial scale. although it is more important to have a
high density of stations than an exact match of spatial scales.
Ideally, there should be one station per 20 000 km(2). On
10-30-day scales, observed rainfall is best correlated with OLR.
Correlations between OLR and 150-mb divergence are larger than
between observed rainfall and divergence or between rainfall and
model precipitation. For example, if 10-30-day filtered OLR and
divergence are truncated at T20 and rainfall is averaged to
include stations within a 5 degrees radius. OLR is correlated with
rainfall at about -0.6, OLR is correlated with divergence at about
-0.35, and rainfall is correlated with divergence at about 0.2. At
least part of the lack of correlation is due to inadequate spatial
sampling of rainfall. Correlations improve with larger spatial
scale. The major seasonal transitions from dry to rainy regimes
are captured well by OLR but not by the model quantities. The mean
diurnal cycle is represented reasonably by 150-mb divergence.",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
issn = "0894-8755",
language = "en",
targetfile = "Liebmann_A comparison of rainfall.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "29 mar. 2024"
}