@Article{Varejao-SilvaFranVadl:1998:CoBiCl,
author = "Varejao-Silva, M. A. and Franchito, Sergio Henrique and Vadlamudi,
Brahamananda Rao",
affiliation = "{CPTEC-INPE-Sao Jose dos Campos-12227-010-SP -Brasil} and
{CPTEC-INPE-Cachoreira Paulista-12630-000-SP-Brasil}",
title = "A coupled biosphere-atmosphere climate model suitable for studies
of climatic change due to land surface alterations",
journal = "Journal of Climate",
year = "1998",
volume = "11",
number = "7",
pages = "1749--1767",
month = "jul.",
keywords = "tropical deforestation, amazonian deforestation, geobaotanic
state, regional climate, zonal model, albedo, impact, GCM,
macroclimate, temperature.",
abstract = "A biosphere model based on BATS (Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer
Scheme) is coupled to a primitive equation global
statistical-dynamical model in order to study the climatic impact
due to land surface alterations. The fraction of the earth's
surface covered by each vegetation type according to HATS is
obtained for each latitude belt. In the control experiment, the
mean annual zonally averaged climate is well simulated when
compared with observations. Deforestation and desertification
experiments are performed. In the deforestation experiment, the
evergreen broadleaf tree in the Amazonian region is substituted by
short grass; in the desertification experiment the semidesert, and
the tall grass and deciduous shrubs are substituted by desert and
semidesert in the African continent, respectively. The results
show that in both the experiments there is a reduction in
evapotranspiration and precipitation in the perturbed region and
an increase in the soil surface temperature, the temperature of
the foliage air layer, and the foliage temperature. Also, the
latent heat flux decreased in the perturbed cases relative to the
control case. To partially compensate for the decrease in latent
hearing, sensible heat flux increased in the perturbed cases
compared with the control case. The changes in the deforestation
case are greater in the latitude belt centered at 5 degrees S,
where in most part the Amazonian forest is situated. Otherwise,
the changes in the desertification are greater in the latitude
belt centered at 15 degrees N. When there ic; also degradation of
the African tropical forest (substitution of evergreen broadleaf
trees by short grass), the greatest changes occur southward from
that region tin the latitude belt centered at 5 degrees N), and
the magnitude of the changes are also increased. This shows the
important role of the modification of tropical forest when there
is degradation of the vegetation in the African region from 20
degrees N to 0 degrees degrees. The results regarding the changes
in the temperature and in the energy fluxes are in agreement with
those of earlier experiments carried our with sophisticated
general circulation models, which shows the usefulness of this
kind of simple model.",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
issn = "0894-8755",
language = "en",
targetfile = "Varejao Silva_A coupled biosphere-atmosphere.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}