@InProceedings{FreitasLoSiSiChPrSe:2004:MoTrBi,
               author = "Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de and Longo, Karla and Silva Dias, Maria 
                         Assuncao Faus da and Silva Dias, Pedro Leite da and Chatfield, 
                         Robert and Prins, Elaine and Setzer, Alberto",
          affiliation = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Centro de Previs{\~a}o 
                         do Tempo e Estudos Clim{\'a}ticos (INPE.CPTEC)",
                title = "Monitoring the transport of biomass burning emissions in South 
                         America",
            booktitle = "Anais...",
                 year = "2004",
         organization = "Conferencia Cientifica do LBA, 3.",
             abstract = "The atmospheric transport of biomass burning emissions in the 
                         South American and African continents is monitored with the aid of 
                         numerical simulation of air mass motions using the tracer 
                         transport capability of the atmospheric model RAMS (Regional 
                         Atmospheric Modeling System) coupled to an emission model. In this 
                         application, the mass conservation equation is solved for carbon 
                         monoxide (CO) and particulate material (PM2.5). Source emissions 
                         of trace gases and particles associated with biomass burning 
                         activities in tropical forest, savanna and pasture are 
                         parameterized and introduced into the model. The sources are 
                         distributed spatially and temporally and assimilated daily 
                         according to the biomass burning locations detected by remote 
                         sensing. Advection at grid scale, and turbulent transport at 
                         sub-grid scale, are provided by the RAMS parameterizations. A 
                         sub-grid transport parameterization associated with moist deep and 
                         shallow convection, not explicitly resolved by the model due to 
                         its low spatial resolution, is also introduced. Sinks associated 
                         with wet and dry removal of aerosol particles and chemical 
                         transformation of gases are parameterized and introduced into the 
                         mass conservation equation. An operational system was implemented 
                         producing daily 48-hour numerical simulations (24-hour forecast) 
                         of the mass concentrations for CO and PM2.5, in addition to 
                         traditional meteorological fields. Time series of PM2.5 measured 
                         at the surface are compared with the model results and demonstrate 
                         the good forecasting ability of the model.",
  conference-location = "Bras{\'{\i}}lia",
      conference-year = "27-29 jul.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
             language = "en",
         organisation = "LBA",
           targetfile = "Freitas_LBA_Monitoring_.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "08 maio 2024"
}