@Article{KarmakarMaiSetAngMac:2011:RaEsWa,
               author = "Karmakar, Pranab K. and Maiti, M. and Sett, S. and Angelis, C. F. 
                         and Machado, Luiz Augusto Toledo",
          affiliation = "Univ Calcutta, Inst Radiophys \& Elect, Ctr Res \& Training and 
                         MCKV Inst Engn, Liluah 711204, Howrah, India. and Centre for 
                         Research and Training in Microwave and Millimeter Wave, Institute 
                         of Radiophysics and Electronics, University of Calcutta, 92. A.P.C 
                         Road, Kolkata 700 009, India and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Radiometric estimation of water vapor content over Brazil",
              journal = "Advances in Space Research",
                 year = "2011",
               volume = "48",
               number = "9",
                pages = "1506--1514",
                month = "Nov",
             keywords = "Dual frequency, Radiosonde, Radiometer, Water vapor, Liquid 
                         water.",
             abstract = "A multi-channel microwave radiometre (make: Radiometrics 
                         Corporation) is installed at Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais-INPE, Brazil (22 degrees S). The radiometric output of 
                         two channels of the radiometer in the form of brightness 
                         temperature at 23.834 GHz and 30 GHz, initially, were used to find 
                         out the ambient water vapor content and the non-precipitable cloud 
                         liquid water content. The necessary algorithm was developed for 
                         the purpose. The best results were obtained using the hinge 
                         frequency 23.834 GHz and 30 GHz pair having an r.m.s. error of 
                         only 2.64. The same methodology was then adopted exploiting 23.034 
                         GHz and 30 GHz pair. In that case the r.m.s. error was 3.42. These 
                         results were then compared with those obtained over Kolkata (22 
                         degrees N), India, by using 22.234 GHz and 31.4 GHz radiometric 
                         data. This work conclusively suggests the use of a frequency 
                         should not be at the water vapor resonance line. Instead, while 
                         measuring the vapor content for separation of vapor and cloud 
                         liquid, one of them should be a few GHz left or right from the 
                         resonance line i.e., at 23.834 GHz and the other one should be 
                         around 30 GHz.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.asr.2011.06.032",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2011.06.032",
                 issn = "0273-1177",
                label = "lattes: 5379515759830546 5 KARMAKARMaiSetAngMac:2011:RaEsOf",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Karmakar-AdvSpaceRes-v48-n9-p1506-14-science[1].pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "04 maio 2024"
}