@Article{RaoBona:1987:OrUpTr,
               author = "Rao, Vadlamudi Brahmananda and Bonatti, Jose Paulo",
                title = "On the origin of upper tropospheric cyclonic vortices in the South 
                         Atlantic Ocean and adjoinning Brazil during the summer",
              journal = "Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics",
                 year = "1987",
               volume = "37",
               number = "11",
                pages = "11--16",
             keywords = "upper tropospheric cyclonic vortices, South Atlantic Ocean, 
                         Brazil.",
             abstract = "The origin of upper tropospheric cyclonic vortices over the South 
                         Atlantic and adjoining Brazil is discussed. Calculations of the 
                         barotropic energy exchange term based on observations indicated 
                         that in the mean, and during some days, zonal kinetic energy gets 
                         converted into eddy kinetic energy. This suggests the occurrence 
                         of barotropic instability. Examination of zonal winds for 
                         barotropic instability, however, revealed weak growth rates. Thus 
                         other mechanisms such as condensation heating, the formation of 
                         cyclonic centers downstream of the Bolivian high, and middle 
                         latitude coupling might also be important.",
                 issn = "0177-7971",
                label = "2693",
           targetfile = "10.1007_BF01047006.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "11 maio 2024"
}