@Article{AbduBatiCarrBrum:2005:ReNeFo,
               author = "Abdu, Mangalathyil Ali and Batista, Inez Staciarini and Carrasco, 
                         Alexander Jos{\'e} and Brum, Christiano Garnett Marques",
          affiliation = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Divis{\~a}o de 
                         Aeronomia (INPE, DAE)",
                title = "South Atlantic magnetic anomaly ionization: A review and a new 
                         focus on electrodynamic effects in the equatorial ionosphere",
              journal = "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics",
                 year = "2005",
               volume = "67",
               number = "17-18",
                pages = "1643--1657",
                month = "Dec.",
             abstract = "Satellite observations of enhanced energetic particle fluxes in 
                         the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) region have been 
                         supported by ground-based observations of enhanced ionization 
                         induced by particle precipitation in the ionosphere over this 
                         region. Past observations using a variety of instruments such as 
                         vertical sounding ionosondes, riometers and VLF receivers have 
                         provided evidences of the enhanced ionization due to energetic 
                         particle precipitation in the ionosphere over Brazil. The extra 
                         ionization at E-layer heights could produce enhanced ionospheric 
                         conductivity within and around the SAMA region. The energetic 
                         particle ionization source that is operative even under quiet 
                         conditions can undergo significant enhancements during 
                         magnetospheric storm disturbances, when the geographic region of 
                         enhanced ionospheric conductivity can extend to magnetic latitudes 
                         closer to the equator where the magnetic field line coupling of 
                         the E and F regions plays a key role in the electrodynamics of the 
                         equatorial ionosphere. Of particular interest are the sunset 
                         electrodynamic processes responsible for equatorial spread 
                         F/plasma bubble irregularity generation and related dynamics 
                         (zonal and vertical drifts, etc.). The SAMA represents a source of 
                         significant longitudinal variability in the global description of 
                         the equatorial spread F irregularity phenomenon. Recent results 
                         from digital ionosondes operated at Fortaleza and Cachoeira 
                         Paulista have provided evidence that enhanced ionization due to 
                         particle precipitation associated with magnetic disturbances, in 
                         the SAMA region, can indeed significantly influence the equatorial 
                         electrodynamic processes leading to plasma irregularity generation 
                         and dynamics. Disturbance magnetospheric electric fields that 
                         penetrate the equatorial latitudes during storm events seem to be 
                         intensified in the SAMA region based on ground-based and 
                         satellite-borne measurements. This paper will review our current 
                         understanding of the influence of SAMA on the equatorial 
                         electrodynamic processes from the perspective outlined above.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
                 issn = "1364-6826",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Abduetal_2005JATP_SouthAtlanticMagneticAnomaly.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "03 maio 2024"
}