@ElectronicSource{MeloMare:2007:SiClDu,
             abstract = "Climate change has been analyzed for Mid Holocene (MH) over South 
                         America (SA). Simulations have been performed through modification 
                         of the orbital parameters and the CO2 concentration within the 
                         CPTEC T062L28 atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) 
                         typical of the mid Holocene, 6000 years BP. The results were 
                         compared to previous simulations performed by various climate 
                         centers of the world and to paleoclimate indications in order to 
                         understand how the AGCM responds to climate changes and to 
                         evaluate the differences of the present climate (PC) and MH. In 
                         general it is observed a wetter behavior in northeastern SA during 
                         the MH, except in austral autumn where there is a northward shift 
                         of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). On central and 
                         southeastern SA the simulations show a reduction of precipitation. 
                         A cooling signal was verified during the MH simulation, in 
                         accordance with paleoclimate evidences. An increase of the 
                         intensity of the mean low-level flux was verified over the 
                         continent due to a decrease of the seasonal variation of 
                         insolation in the southern hemisphere. This has an important 
                         impact over the transport of moisture from Amazon to the 
                         Southeastern South America, and consequently over the South 
                         America Convergence Zone (SACZ) formation. It was also verified an 
                         increase of the intensity of the northerly circulation east of 
                         Andes during the MH in summer, similar to present climate winter 
                         circulation.",
              address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE/CPTEC)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE/CPTEC)}",
               author = "Melo, Maria Luciene Dias de Antonio and Marengo, Jos{\'e} 
                         Antonio",
             keywords = "mid holocene, South America, CPTEC AGCM, paleoclimate, orbital 
                         parameter, paleoclimate record.",
             language = "en",
            publisher = "Instituto and Nacional and de and Pesquisas and Espaciais",
                  ibi = "sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/11.30.11.14",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/11.30.11.14",
           targetfile = "v1.pdf",
                title = "The influence of changes in orbital parameters over South American 
                         climate using the CPTEC AGCM: simulation of climate during the mid 
                         holocene",
         typeofmedium = "On-line",
                 year = "2007",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}