@Article{MartinsSilvGonç:2009:MoCaSt,
               author = "Martins, J. A and Silva Dias, Maria Assun{\c{c}}{\~a}o Faus da 
                         and Gon{\c{c}}alves, F. L. T.",
          affiliation = "Univ Tecnol Fed Parana, Dept Environm Engn, BR-86020430 Londrina, 
                         PR Brazil and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} 
                         and Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Atmospher Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil",
                title = "Impact of biomass burning aerosols on precipitation in the Amazon: 
                         A modeling case study",
              journal = "Revista Brasileira de Geof{\'{\i}}sica",
                 year = "2009",
               volume = "114",
               number = "D02207",
                pages = "X",
                month = "jan",
             keywords = "cumulus cloud, clouds, drop growth.",
             abstract = "A study of the potential role of aerosols in modifying clouds and 
                         precipitation is presented using a numerical atmospheric model. 
                         Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and cloud size 
                         distribution properties taken in the southwestern Amazon region 
                         during the transition from dry to wet seasons were used as 
                         guidelines to define the microphysical parameters for the 
                         simulations. Numerical simulations were carried out using the 
                         Brazilian Development on Regional Atmospheric Modeling System, and 
                         the results presented considerable sensitivity to changes in these 
                         parameters. High CCN concentrations, typical of polluted days, 
                         were found to result in increases or decreases in total 
                         precipitation, depending on the level of pollution used as a 
                         reference, showing a complexity that parallels the 
                         aerosol-precipitation interaction. Our results show that on the 
                         grids evaluated, higher CCN concentrations reduced low-to-moderate 
                         rainfall rates and increased high rainfall rates. The principal 
                         consequence of the increased pollution was a change from a warm to 
                         a cold rain process, which affected the maximum and overall mean 
                         accumulated precipitation. Under polluted conditions, cloud cover 
                         diminished, allowing greater amounts of solar radiation to reach 
                         the surface. Aerosol absorption of radiation in the lower layers 
                         of the atmosphere delayed convective evolution but produced higher 
                         maximum rainfall rates due to increased instability. In addition, 
                         the intensity of the surface sensible heat flux, as well as that 
                         of the latent heat flux, was reduced by the lower temperature 
                         difference between surface and air, producing greater energy 
                         stores at the surface.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2007JD009587",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009587",
                 issn = "0102-261X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "assuncao istec 675.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "01 maio 2024"
}