@Article{Abdu:2012:EqSpF/,
               author = "Abdu, Mangalathayil Ali",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Equatorial spread F/plasma bubble irregularities under storm time 
                         disturbance electric fields",
              journal = "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics",
                 year = "2012",
               volume = "75-76",
                pages = "44--56",
                month = "Feb.",
             keywords = "Equatorial spread F irregularities, Plasma bubbles, Disturbance 
                         electric fields, Magnetic storms, Thermospheric winds.",
             abstract = "Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling is responsible for storm time 
                         disturbance electric field propagation to equatorial latitudes, by 
                         processes of direct penetration and disturbance wind dynamo. New 
                         results have been forthcoming in recent years from satellite and 
                         ground based observations and modeling studies on the important 
                         characteristics of these electric fields as well their effects on 
                         the electrodynamics of the equatorial ionosphere and thermosphere, 
                         especially, in terms of their impact on the equatorial spread F 
                         (ESF) plasma bubble irregularity development conditions that is in 
                         focus here. The disturbance zonal electric fields, when 
                         superimposed on equatorial evening pre-reversal enhancement 
                         electric field, PRE, can drastically modify the post-sunset, and 
                         night time, F layer heights, a basic control factor for the 
                         instability growth by Rayleigh-Taylor mechanism leading to plasma 
                         bubble development. Based on published results and some new data 
                         we present here a comprehensive, but brief, analysis and 
                         discussion of the processes of ESF development, suppression or 
                         disruption under different phases of a storm activity sequence. 
                         Consequences for ESF occurrence from under-shielding and 
                         over-shielding penetration electric fields as well as from the 
                         disturbance winds and wind dynamo electric field occurring in 
                         different local time sectors of the night, as also the 
                         irregularity dynamics and longitude extension, etc., are 
                         highlighted in this paper. Some outstanding problems for further 
                         research are also presented.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.jastp.2011.04.024",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2011.04.024",
                 issn = "1364-6826",
                label = "self-archiving-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Abdu-JASTP-v75-76-p44-56-science[1].pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "19 maio 2024"
}