@InProceedings{SoaresGherPezzKaya:2013:VuGrEc,
author = "Soares, Helena Cachanhuk and Gherardi, Douglas Francisco Marcolino
and Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi and Kaya, Mary Toshie",
affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais (INPE)}",
title = "Vulnerabilidade dos Grandes Ecossistemas Marinhos {\`a}
variabilidade clim{\'a}tica interanual/ Vulnerability of Large
Marine Ecosystems to interannual climate variability",
booktitle = "Anais...",
year = "2013",
organization = "Simp{\'o}sio Internacional de Climatologia, 5. (SIC).",
keywords = "Interannual climate variability, PDO regime shift, South Atlantic
ocean.",
abstract = "RESUMO: Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o impacto dos
modos clim{\'a}ticos locais e remotos sobre os Grandes
Ecossistemas Marinhos (GEMs) do Brasil e da costa oeste Africana.
GEMs s{\~a}o unidades estabelecidas para a avalia{\c{c}}{\~a}o
e gest{\~a}o dos recursos marinhos e foram definidas com base nas
diferen{\c{c}}as de regimes hidrogr{\'a}ficos, batimetria,
produtividade e popula{\c{c}}{\~o}es dependentes troficamente.
Neste trabalho El Niņo Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Sul (ENOS) e
Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Decenal do Pac{\'{\i}}fico (ODP) s{\~a}o
considerados for{\c{c}}antes remotas. O modo tropical do
Atl{\^a}ntico Norte (TNA), o modo tropical do Atl{\^a}ntico Sul
(TSA) e a Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Ant{\'a}rtica (AAO) s{\~a}o os
modos locais. A pesquisa tem como base a an{\'a}lise
correla{\c{c}}{\~a}o total e parcial entre os {\'{\i}}ndices
clim{\'a}ticos que representam esses modos (Niņo3, TSA, TNA e
AAO) e vari{\'a}veis oce{\^a}nicas e atmosf{\'e}ricas sobre o
oceano Atl{\^a}ntico Sul, ou seja, temperatura da
superf{\'{\i}}cie do mar (TSM), tens{\~a}o do vento, transporte
de Ekman, radia{\c{c}}{\~a}o de onda longa emergente e
press{\~a}o ao n{\'{\i}}vel do mar (PNM). Todas as
vari{\'a}veis foram filtradas para reter a variabilidade
interanual (2-7 anos), atrav{\'e}s de um filtro passa banda com
base na ondaleta de Morlet, e os dados de TSM foram tamb{\'e}m
submetidos ao processo de remo{\c{c}}{\~a}o de tend{\^e}ncia
linear. O impacto da mudan{\c{c}}a de regime da ODP (1976/1977)
nas correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es foi avaliado calculando as
diferen{\c{c}}as entre as correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es para as fases
quente e fria da ODP. Descobrimos que o TSA reduz a
influ{\^e}ncia do fen{\^o}meno ENOS sobre as anomalias de TSM
durante o per{\'{\i}}odo quente da ODP (1977-2008) nos GEMs
brasileiros do Norte e Leste e no GEM da corrente da Guin{\'e}. O
TSA tamb{\'e}m parece intensificar as correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es
entre AAO e anomalias de TSM no Atl{\^a}ntico tropical.
Correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es negativas entre AAO e anomalias de TSM
foram encontrados no GEM do Sul do Brasil, este padr{\~a}o {\'e}
persistente mesmo com a remo{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos outros
{\'{\i}}ndices (correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es parciais). Em
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o as anomalias de TSM, tens{\~a}o do vento e
PNM, {\'e} not{\'a}vel que os impactos da mudan{\c{c}}a de
regime da ODP parecem ser mais intensos ao longo da costa oeste
africana do que na costa brasileira. Os resultados aqui
apresentados claramente indicam que as a{\c{c}}{\~o}es futuras
de gest{\~a}o com base em ecossistemas, destinadas {\`a}
conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos recursos marinhos sob mudan{\c{c}}a
clim{\'a}ticas, precisam considerar a elevada complexidade das
intera{\c{c}}{\~o}es na escala de bacia entre as
for{\c{c}}antes clim{\'a}ticas locais e remotas, incluindo os
seus efeitos sobre o sistema oceano atmosfera do oceano
Atl{\^a}ntico Sul. ABSTRACT: This study aims at investigating the
impact of local and remote climate modes on the Brazilian and
western African coast Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs). The LMEs are
units established for the assessment and management of marine
resources and have been defined based on the differences in
hydrographic regimes, bathymetry, productivity and trophycally
dependent populations. In this work El Niņo Southern Oscillation
(ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are considered as
remote forcings. The tropical North Atlantic (TNA), the tropical
South Atlantic (TSA) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) are the
local modes. The investigation is based on total and partial
correlation analysis between climate indices representing these
modes (Niņo3, TSA, TNA and AAO) and oceanic and atmospheric
variables on the South Atlantic ocean, namely sea surface
temperature (SST), wind stress, Ekman transport, outgoing longwave
radiation and sea level pressure (SLP). All variables were
filtered to keep the interannual variability (2 to 7 years)
through a band pass filter based on the Morlet wavelet, and SST
data was also linearly detrended. The impact of the PDO regime
shift (1976/1977) in correlations was evaluated by calculating the
differences between correlations for the warm and cold PDO phases.
We found that TSA reduces the influence of ENSO on SST anomalies
during the warm PDO (1977-2008) period in the North and East
Brazil LMEs and in the Guinea Current LME. The TSA also seems to
enhance the correlations between AAO and SST anomalies in the
tropical Atlantic. Negative correlations between AAO and SST
anomalies were found in the South Brazil LME, this pattern is
persistent even with the removal of the other indices (partial
correlations). Regarding the SST, wind stress and SLP anomalies,
it is striking that the impacts of the PDO regime shift seems to
be stronger along the western African than in the Brazilian coast.
The results shown here give a clear indication that future
ecosystem-based management actions aimed at the conservation of
marine resources under climate change need to consider the high
complexity of basin-scale interactions between local and remote
climate forcings, including their effects on the ocean-atmosphere
system of the South Atlantic ocean.",
conference-location = "Florian{\'o}polis, SC",
conference-year = "15-19, set.",
urlaccessdate = "13 maio 2024"
}