@Article{ChagasJrCamp:2014:ImSyIn,
               author = "Chagas Junior, Milton de Freitas and Campan{\'a}rio, Milton de 
                         Abreu",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (FEA/USP)}",
                title = "Systems architecture, procedural knowledge and learning by using: 
                         implications on systems integration capabilities",
              journal = "Brazilian Administration Review (BAR)",
                 year = "2014",
               volume = "11",
               number = "1",
                pages = "1--21",
                month = "Jan./Mar.",
                 note = "1. The December 9th, 2013, launch of CBERS 3 failed. The Long 
                         March 4B rocket was not able to properly insert CBERS 3 into the 
                         planned orbit. The root-cause of this emergent property - 
                         unplanned and undesired – has not yet been identified. This new 
                         fact, which took place after this article was approved, confirms 
                         what the authors have been arguing: that learning by using must 
                         consider knowing - the flow of knowledge derived from praxis and 
                         action - as confronted with a previous stock of knowledge, in 
                         order to be effective. The launching of CBERS 4 is anticipated and 
                         should happen within 14 months. This is the amount of time 
                         required to assemble, integrate and test (AIT) activities. CBERS 3 
                         \& 4 are identical, so what has been exposed in the case study is 
                         valid for both satellites. To produce two identical satellites in 
                         each generation represents, among other things, a means to deal 
                         with high-risk projects.",
             keywords = "innovation in complex systems, procedural knowledge, systems 
                         integration capabilities, emergent properties, learning by 
                         using.",
             abstract = "The objective of this article is to assess the implications of 
                         systems architecture on the establishment of organizational 
                         learning cycles, and its influence on possible forms of process 
                         integration. Dynamics of innovation of complex systems do not 
                         follow the pattern of mass-production industries. In complex 
                         systems industries there is no dominant design and each new 
                         product generation remains in a fluid phase. This article focuses 
                         on analysis of the dynamic phenomena that occur when a system 
                         performs its functions within the operational environment. By 
                         considering successive generations of the China-Brazil Earth 
                         Resources Satellite (CBERS) platform as a case study a stylized 
                         cognitive model is presented. It is argued that learning by using 
                         is practice-oriented epistemology to the extent that it requires 
                         the reflective confrontation of a previous stock of knowledge with 
                         that derived from praxis, which is concrete, dynamic and 
                         relational. Knowledge generation derived from learning by using - 
                         tacit and explicit - crystallizes a common knowledge base, 
                         allowing the refinement of subsystems designs and interfaces 
                         through successive generation of products. Systems integration 
                         capability building requires a project-based organization in order 
                         to merge operating and learning processes in a multifunctional 
                         framework.",
                  doi = "10.1590/S1807-76922014000100002",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1807-76922014000100002",
                 issn = "1807-7692",
                label = "scopus 2014-05 ChagasJrCamp:2014:ImSyIn",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "v11n1a02.pdf",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1807-76922014000100002",
        urlaccessdate = "26 abr. 2024"
}