@PhDThesis{Rabello:2017:NoPrMe,
author = "Rabello, Ana Paula de S{\'a} Santos",
title = "Um novo processo para melhorar a dependabilidade de sistemas
espaciais entre as fases de planejamento e projeto detalhado
incluindo extens{\~o}es do Diagrama de Markov (DMEP) e da FMECA
(FMEP) a projetos",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2017",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2016-11-23",
keywords = "confiabilidade, disponibilidade, manutenabilidade,
dependabilidade, fluxo de processo, reliability, availability,
maintainability, dependability, process flux.",
abstract = "Sistemas complexos e/ou altamente integrados necessitam da
(1\$^{a}\$ motiva{\c{c}}{\~a}o): avalia{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
Dependabilidade (Confiabilidade, Manutenabilidade,
Disponibilidade, etc.) durante todo o seu ciclo de vida. Os
projetos destes sistemas possuem tr{\^e}s conjuntos fundamentais
de atividades: gerenciais, t{\'e}cnicas e de qualidade. Estas
atividades s{\~a}o organizadas em processos. A literatura recente
aponta que as fun{\c{c}}{\~o}es, responsabilidades, e
autoridades do Gerenciamento de Projetos e da Engenharia de
Sistemas est{\~a}o fortemente acopladas. Representantes do
Project Management Institute (PMI) e do \emph{International
Council on Systems Engineering} (INCOSE) compartilham a
opini{\~a}o que o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a Engenharia de
Sistemas compartilham objetivos vitais, mas reconhecem tamb{\'e}m
que (2\$^{a}\$ motiva{\c{c}}{\~a}o): h{\'a} muitos anos
existe uma barreira cultural entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a
Engenharia de Sistemas. Consequentemente, o trabalho conjunto
muitas vezes tem maior custo, necessita de mais tempo e fornece
uma solu{\c{c}}{\~a}o n{\~a}o {\'o}tima para o cliente ou
usu{\'a}rio final. A \emph{Defense Acquisition University} (DAU)
ap{\'o}s uma extensa an{\'a}lise estat{\'{\i}}stica baseada em
projetos do \emph{U.S.Department of Defense} (DoD), concluiu que
(3\$^{a}\$ motiva{\c{c}}{\~a}o): o crescimento do custo
comprometido do projeto {\'e} muito maior que o custo despendido
nas fases iniciais; e tamb{\'e}m que o custo para eliminar os
defeitos {\'e} menor nas fases iniciais do projeto.
Particularmente, o INPE necessita que (4\$^{a}\$
motiva{\c{c}}{\~a}o): se melhorem os processos atuais de
gerenciamento e engenharia de subsistemas de sat{\'e}lites, por
exemplo, incorporando o que h{\'a} de melhor nos processos do PMI
e INCOSE, e nos padr{\~o}es da ECSS (seguidos pelo INPE). Assim,
neste trabalho o problema que se objetiva resolver {\'e} reduzir
as n{\~a}o conformidades e retrabalhos dos aspectos de
Dependabilidade de um sistema, advindas de an{\'a}lises tardias
ou inexistentes e da intera{\c{c}}{\~a}o pouca ou inexistente
entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e Engenharia de Sistemas,
propondo um novo processo para melhorar a Dependabilidade de
sistemas espaciais entre as Fases de Planejamento e Projeto
Detalhado, incluindo extens{\~o}es do Diagrama de Markov (DMEP) e
da FMECA (FMEP) a projetos. Isto inclui: antecipar an{\'a}lises,
acrescentar an{\'a}lises aos processos examinados, aumentar a
colabora{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a
Engenharia de Sistemas, conect{\'a}-las a t{\'e}cnicas e
exemplificar seu suporte com uma ferramenta. Considerando o
exposto acima e o foco principal nos projetos de subsistemas de
sat{\'e}lite desenvolvidos pelo INPE, uma aplica{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
avalia{\c{c}}{\~a}o do novo processo s{\~a}o realizadas
atrav{\'e}s de um estudo de caso referente aos sat{\'e}lites do
programa \emph{China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite} (CBERS).
Os resultados obtidos e suas avalia{\c{c}}{\~o}es sugerem que o
processo e as adapta{\c{c}}{\~o}es propostas s{\~a}o corretos e
vantajosos em tais aplica{\c{c}}{\~o}es e admitem in{\'u}meros
aperfei{\c{c}}oamentos futuros. ABSTRACT: Complex and/or highly
integrated systems require the (1\$^{st}\$ motivation):
evaluation of Dependability (Reliability, Maintainability,
Availability, etc.) throughout their life cycle. The designs of
these systems have three main sets of activities: managerial,
technical and quality. These activities are organized in
processes. The recent literature suggests that the functions,
responsibilities, and authorities of the Project Management and
the Systems Engineering are strongly coupled. The Project
Management Institute (PMI) and the International Council on
Systems Engineering (INCOSE) leaders share the opinion that the
Project Management and the Systems Engineering share vital goals,
but also recognize that (2\$^{nd}\$ motivation): for many years
there is a cultural barrier between the Project Management and the
Systems Engineering. Consequently, the joint work often has a
higher cost, requires more time and provides a non-optimal
solution for customers or end users. The Defense Acquisition
University (DAU), after an extensive statistical analysis based on
projects of the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), concluded that
(3\$^{nd}\$ motivation): the growth of the committed project
cost is much greater than the cost spent in the initial stages;
and also the cost to eliminate the defects is smaller in the
initial stages of project. Particularly, INPE requires that
(4\$^{nd}\$ motivation): we improve the current management and
engineering processes of satellite subsystems, for example,
incorporating the best of the PMI and INCOSE processes, and the
ECSS Standards (followed by INPE). So, in this work the problem
which we aim to solve is to reduce non-conformities and rework
aspects of Dependability of a system, arising from late or
non-existent analysis and little or non-existent interaction
between the Project Management and the Systems Engineering by
proposing a new process for improving the Dependability of space
systems in the Phases of Planning to Detailed Design, including
extensions of Markov Diagrams (DMEP) and FMECA (FMEP) to projects.
This includes: to anticipate analysis, add analyses of the
examined processes, increase collaboration between the Project
Management and the Systems Engineering, connect them to techniques
and exemplify their support with a tool. Considering the above and
the main focus in satellite subsystems projects developed by INPE,
an application and evaluation of the new process will be carried
out through a case study of the satellites of the program
China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS). The results
obtained suggest that the proposed process and extensions are
advantageous in such applications and admit numerous future
improvements.",
committee = "Kienbaum, Germano de Souza (presidente) and Souza, Marcelo Lopes
de Oliveira e (orientador) and Perondi, Leonel Fernando and
Bogossian, Ot{\'a}vio Luiz and Moreira, Fernando Jos{\'e} de
Oliveira and Teixeira, Adilson Jesus",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Proposing a new process for improving the dependability of space
systems in the phases of planning to detailed design, including
extensions of Markov Diagrams (DMEP) and FMECA (FMEP) to
projects",
language = "pt",
pages = "344",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3MP6RNL",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3MP6RNL",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}