@Article{WalterFrKoKrRiVoVo:2016:ImPlRi,
               author = "Walter, Carolin and Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de and Kottmeier, 
                         Christoph and Kraut, Isabel and Rieger, Daniel and Vogel, Heike 
                         and Vogel, Bernhard",
          affiliation = "{Karlsruhe Institute of Technology} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Karlsruhe Institute of 
                         Technology} and {Karlsruhe Institute of Technology} and {Karlsruhe 
                         Institute of Technology} and {Karlsruhe Institute of Technology} 
                         and {Karlsruhe Institute of Technology}",
                title = "The importance of plume rise on the concentrations and atmospheric 
                         impacts of biomass burning aerosol",
              journal = "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics",
                 year = "2016",
               volume = "16",
               number = "14",
                pages = "9201--9219",
             abstract = "We quantified the effects of the plume rise of biomass burning 
                         aerosol and gases for the forest fires that occurred in 
                         Saskatchewan, Canada, in July 2010. For this purpose, simulations 
                         with different assumptions regarding the plume rise and the 
                         vertical distribution of the emissions were conducted. Based on 
                         comparisons with observations, applying a one-dimensional plume 
                         rise model to predict the injection layer in combination with a 
                         parametrization of the vertical distribution of the emissions 
                         outperforms approaches in which the plume heights are initially 
                         predefined. Approximately 30% of the fires exceed the height of 2 
                         km with a maximum height of 8.6 km. Using this plume rise model, 
                         comparisons with satellite images in the visible spectral range 
                         show a very good agreement between the simulated and observed 
                         spatial distributions of the biomass burning plume. The simulated 
                         aerosol optical depth (AOD) with data of an AERONET station is in 
                         good agreement with respect to the absolute values and the timing 
                         of the maximum. Comparison of the vertical distribution of the 
                         biomass burning aerosol with CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and 
                         Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) retrievals also showed 
                         the best agreement when the plume rise model was applied. We found 
                         that downwelling surface short-wave radiation below the forest 
                         fire plume is reduced by up to 50% and that the 2m temperature is 
                         decreased by up to 6 K. In addition, we simulated a strong change 
                         in atmospheric stability within the biomass burning plume.",
                  doi = "10.5194/acp-16-9201-2016",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9201-2016",
                 issn = "1680-7316 and 1680-7324",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "walter_importance.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}