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		<doi>10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.10.112</doi>
		<issn>0169-4332</issn>
		<citationkey>OishiBoteRezeFerr:2017:StSuFu</citationkey>
		<title>Structural and surface functionality changes in reticulated vitreous carbon produced from poly(furfuryl alcohol) with sodium hydroxide additions</title>
		<year>2017</year>
		<month>Feb.</month>
		<typeofwork>journal article</typeofwork>
		<secondarytype>PRE PI</secondarytype>
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		<author>Oishi, Silvia Sizuka,</author>
		<author>Botelho, Edson Cocchieri,</author>
		<author>Rezende, Mirabel Cerqueira,</author>
		<author>Ferreira, Neidenei Gomes,</author>
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		<group>LABAS-COCTE-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
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		<group>LABAS-COCTE-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress>silviaoishi@uol.com.br</electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>neidenei.ferreira@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<journal>Applied Surface Science</journal>
		<volume>394</volume>
		<pages>87-97</pages>
		<secondarymark>A1_INTERDISCIPLINAR A1_ENGENHARIAS_II A1_ENGENHARIAS_I A2_SAÚDE_COLETIVA A2_MATERIAIS A2_ENGENHARIAS_III A2_CIÊNCIAS_AGRÁRIAS_I B1_QUÍMICA B1_ODONTOLOGIA B1_MEDICINA_III B1_MEDICINA_II B1_MATEMÁTICA_/_PROBABILIDADE_E_ESTATÍSTICA B1_GEOCIÊNCIAS B1_FARMÁCIA B1_ENGENHARIAS_IV B1_CIÊNCIAS_BIOLÓGICAS_I B1_BIOTECNOLOGIA B2_ENSINO B2_CIÊNCIAS_BIOLÓGICAS_II B2_ASTRONOMIA_/_FÍSICA C_BIODIVERSIDADE</secondarymark>
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		<keywords>Poly(furfuryl alcohol), Reticulated vitreous carbon, Surface functionalities, Microstructure, NaOH oxidation.</keywords>
		<abstract>The use of sodium hydroxide to neutralize the acid catalyst increases the storage life of poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) resin avoiding its continuous polymerization. In this work, a concentrated sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) was added directly to the PFA resin in order to minimize the production of wastes generated when PFA is washed with diluted basic solution. Thus, different amounts of this concentrated basic solution were added to the resin up to reaching pH values of around 3, 5, 7, and 9. From these four types of modified PFA two sample sets of reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) were processed and heat treated at two different temperatures (1000 and 1700 °C). A correlation among cross-link density of PFA and RVC morphology, structural ordering and surface functionalities was systematically studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The PFA neutralization (pH 7) led to its higher polymerization degree, promoting a crystallinity decrease on RVC treated at 1000 °C as well as its highest percentages of carboxylic groups on surface. A NaOH excess (pH 9) substantially increased the RVC oxygen content, but its crystallinity remained similar to those for samples from pH 3 and 5 treated at 1000 °C, probably due to the reduced presence of carboxylic group and the lower polymerization degree of its cured resin. Samples with pH 3 and 5 heat treated at 1000 and 1700 °C can be considered the most ordered which indicated that small quantities of NaOH may be advantageous to minimize continuous polymerization of PFA resin increasing its storage life and improving RVC microstructure.</abstract>
		<area>FISMAT</area>
		<language>en</language>
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