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		<doi>10.5194/gmd-10-189-2017</doi>
		<issn>1991-959X</issn>
		<citationkey>FreitasPLRMRDDSFLFFSPEFMSSPCFCMFAGZFLSBTOM:2017:InEnMo</citationkey>
		<title>The Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS 5.2): an integrated environmental model tuned for tropical areas</title>
		<year>2017</year>
		<month>Jan.</month>
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		<author>Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de,</author>
		<author>Panetta, Jairo,</author>
		<author>Longo, Karla Maria,</author>
		<author>Rodrigues, Luiz Flávio,</author>
		<author>Moreira, Demerval S.,</author>
		<author>Rosário, Nilton E.,</author>
		<author>Dias, Pedro L. Silva,</author>
		<author>Dias, Maria A. F. Silva,</author>
		<author>Souza, Enio P.,</author>
		<author>Freitas, Edmilson D.,</author>
		<author>Longo, Marcos,</author>
		<author>Frassoni, Ariane,</author>
		<author>Fazenda, Alvaro L.,</author>
		<author>Silva, Cláudio M. Santos e,</author>
		<author>Pavani, Cláudio Augusto Borges,</author>
		<author>Eiras, Denis,</author>
		<author>França, Daniela A.,</author>
		<author>Massaru, Daniel,</author>
		<author>Silva, Fernanda Batista,</author>
		<author>Santos, Fernando Cavalcante dos,</author>
		<author>Pereira, Gabriel,</author>
		<author>Camponogara, Gláuber,</author>
		<author>Ferrada, Gonzalo A.,</author>
		<author>Campos Velho, Haroldo Fraga de,</author>
		<author>Menezes, Isilda,</author>
		<author>Freira, Julliana L.,</author>
		<author>Alonso, Marcelo F.,</author>
		<author>Gácita, Madeleine Sánchez,</author>
		<author>Zarzur, Maurício,</author>
		<author>Fonseca, Rafael M.,</author>
		<author>Lima, Rafael Stockler,</author>
		<author>Siqueira, Ricardo A.,</author>
		<author>Braz, Rodrigo,</author>
		<author>Tomita, Simone,</author>
		<author>Oliveira, Valter,</author>
		<author>Martins, Leila D.,</author>
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		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade de São Paulo (USP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade de São Paulo (USP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade de São Paulo (USP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Embrapa Informática Agropecuária</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade de São Paulo (USP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade de Évora</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de Pelotas</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UFTP)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress>saulo.freitas@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>karla.longo@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>luiz.rodrigues@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>ariane.frassoni@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>claudio.pavani@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>denis.eiras@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>danidafbr@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>dmassaru@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>fernanda.batista@cptec.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>fernando.santos@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>gonzalo-ferrada@uiowa.edu</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>haroldo.camposvelho@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>julliana.freire@cptec.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>madeleine.sanchez@cptec.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>mauricio.zarzur@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>rafaelmfonseca@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>rafael.stockler@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>ricardo.siqueira@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>rodrigo.braz@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>simone.tomita@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>valter.oliveira@cptec.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<journal>Geoscientific Model Development</journal>
		<volume>10</volume>
		<pages>189-222</pages>
		<transferableflag>1</transferableflag>
		<contenttype>External Contribution</contenttype>
		<versiontype>publisher</versiontype>
		<abstract>We present a new version of the Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS), in which different previous versions for weather, chemistry, and carbon cycle were unified in a single integrated modeling system software. This new version also has a new set of state-of-the-art physical parameterizations and greater computational parallel and memory usage efficiency. The description of the main model features includes several examples illustrating the quality of the transport scheme for scalars, radiative fluxes on surface, and model simulation of rainfall systems over South America at different spatial resolutions using a scale aware convective parameterization. Additionally, the simulation of the diurnal cycle of the convection and carbon dioxide concentration over the Amazon Basin, as well as carbon dioxide fluxes from biogenic processes over a large portion of South America, are shown. Atmospheric chemistry examples show the model performance in simulating near-surface carbon monoxide and ozone in the Amazon Basin and the megacity of Rio de Janeiro. For tracer transport and dispersion, the model capabilities to simulate the volcanic ash 3-D redistribution associated with the eruption of a Chilean volcano are demonstrated. The gain of computational efficiency is described in some detail. BRAMS has been applied for research and operational forecasting mainly in South America. Model results from the operational weather forecast of BRAMS on 5km grid spacing in the Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies, INPE/Brazil, since 2013 are used to quantify the model skill of near-surface variables and rainfall. The scores show the reliability of BRAMS for the tropical and subtropical areas of South America. Requirements for keeping this modeling system competitive regarding both its functionalities and skills are discussed. Finally, we highlight the relevant contribution of this work to building a South American community of model developers.</abstract>
		<area>MET</area>
		<language>en</language>
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