@MastersThesis{Silva:2017:InTéAD,
author = "Silva, Guilherme Greg{\'o}rio",
title = "Integra{\c{c}}{\~a}o de t{\'e}cnicas A-DInSAR na
detec{\c{c}}{\~a}o de movimentos superficiais em minas a
c{\'e}u aberto na regi{\~a}o Amaz{\^o}nica com dados
TerraSAR-X",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2017",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2017-03-16",
keywords = "interferometria, SAR, DInSAR, PSI, TerraSAR-X, interferometry,
SAR, DInSAR, PSI, TerraSAR-X.",
abstract = "No Brasil a produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o mineral rendeu cerca de US\$ 40
bilh{\~o}es em 2014. Instabilidades nas {\'a}reas de
minera{\c{c}}{\~a}o s{\~a}o rotineiras, podendo causar colapsos
nas {\'a}reas em opera{\c{c}}{\~a}o de minas a c{\'e}u aberto.
A detec{\c{c}}{\~a}o pr{\'e}via de movimenta{\c{c}}{\~o}es
superficiais serve diretamente ao planejamento e
preven{\c{c}}{\~a}o de riscos nessas localidades. A
evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o das t{\'e}cnicas de interferometria
diferencial concomitantes ao crescimento da gama de sensores
orbitais SAR dispon{\'{\i}}veis, possibilitaram
aplica{\c{c}}{\~o}es interferom{\'e}tricas das mais distintas
poss{\'{\i}}veis pelo mundo todo, contribuindo no
desenvolvimento econ{\^o}mico e social de diversas localidades. A
fase interferom{\'e}trica {\'e} a ess{\^e}ncia da t{\'e}cnica
InSAR, tendo na diferen{\c{c}}a de fase a medida fundamental
desta. Para a determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o da fase relacionada com a
deforma{\c{c}}{\~a}o de cada pixel, devem ser removidos
v{\'a}rios componentes da fase total, tais como a componente de
fase topogr{\'a}fica, a contribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o de fase
relacionada com o atraso na atmosfera e a contribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o
de fase relacionada com o ru{\'{\i}}do do sistema. A principal
limita{\c{c}}{\~a}o presente da t{\'e}cnica de processamento
interferom{\'e}trico diferencial de espalhadores persistentes
(PSI), utilizando a metodologia IPTA (software Gamma RS), {\'e} a
remo{\c{c}}{\~a}o da fase relacionada {\`a} atmosfera, pois a
medida que se afasta do ponto de refer{\^e}ncia esta componente
de fase tende a aumentar, tornando mais dif{\'{\i}}cil o
processo de desdobramento de fase. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma
combina{\c{c}}{\~a}o de duas t{\'e}cnicas de processamento para
minimizar o problema mencionado anteriormente, ou seja, primeiro
realizar um processamento inicial, em uma resolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o
espacial mais degradada, com a t{\'e}cnica DInSAR Time-Series
(DTS). Os resultados desta primeira t{\'e}cnica, referentes ao
deslocamento superficial e ao erro do modelo de
eleva{\c{c}}{\~a}o, s{\~a}o utilizados como
informa{\c{c}}{\~a}o pr{\'e}via para a execu{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
t{\'e}cnica PSI, que trabalha na resolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o plena das
imagens SAR. Com a combina{\c{c}}{\~a}o destas t{\'e}cnicas,
foi poss{\'{\i}}vel mapear todo o Complexo Minerador da Serra
Norte - Caraj{\'a}s/PA, com uma extens{\~a}o que cobre as minas
N4 e N5 integralmente, utilizando imagens TerraSAR-X. Os
resultados obtidos ap{\'o}s os testes mostraram boa
concord{\^a}ncia da t{\'e}cnica PSI com as
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es de medidas de campo na regi{\~a}o, mas
com maior cobertura espacial na {\'a}rea teste para
detec{\c{c}}{\~a}o de deforma{\c{c}}{\~o}es. Com isso, foi
poss{\'{\i}}vel gerar um mapa de deforma{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos
pontos de retorno persistente (PS) de toda a {\'a}rea coberta
pela t{\'e}cnica DTS, com precis{\~a}o milim{\'e}trica. Os
resultados foram validados atrav{\'e}s do uso de medidas
topogr{\'a}ficas de campo, utilizando esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o
total/prismas, mostrando um boa concord{\^a}ncia entre eles.
Tamb{\'e}m conclui-se que os resultados remotos apresentaram boa
concord{\^a}ncia com as informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es
dispon{\'{\i}}veis relacionadas {\`a}s classes
geomec{\^a}nicas. Verificou-se que os resultados obtidos
mostraram que a combina{\c{c}}{\~a}o das t{\'e}cnicas aplicadas
no estudo, apresentou melhores resultados quando comparadas as
t{\'e}cnicas aplicadas independentemente. ABSTRACT: In Brazil,
mineral production yielded about US\$ 40 billion in 2014.
Instability in the mining areas is routine and may cause collapses
in the areas in open pit mining. The prior detection of surface
movements directly serves the planning and prevention of risks in
these locations. The evolution of the differential interferometry
techniques and the growth of the orbital SAR sensors, allowed
interferometric applications of the most different possible around
the world. The interferometric phase is the essence of the InSAR
technique, where phase difference is the fundamental measurement
of this. In order to determine the phase related to the
deformation of each pixel, several components of the total phase,
such as the topographic phase, the phase contribution related to
the delay in the atmosphere and the noise related phase
contribution of the system. The main present limitation of the
technique of differential interferometric processing of Persistent
Scatterers (PS), using the IPTA technique, is the removal of the
phase related to the atmosphere, as the distance from the
reference point, this component of phase tends to increase, making
the phase unwrapping process more difficult. In this work, a
combination of two processing techniques was performed to minimize
the previously mentioned problem, i.e. first performing an initial
processing, in a more degraded spatial resolution, with the DInSAR
Time-Series (DTS) technique. The results of this first technique,
referring to the superficial displacement and the error of the
elevation model, were used as previous information for the
execution of the PSI technique, which works on the full resolution
of SAR images. With this combination of techniques, it was
possible to map the entire Serra Norte - Caraj{\'a}s / PA Mining
Complex, with an extension that covers the N4 and N5 mines
integrally, using TerraSAR-X images. The results obtained after
the tests showed good agreement of the PSI technique with the
information of field measurements in the region, but with greater
space coverage in the test area in the detection of deformations.
With this, it was possible to generate a map of deformation of the
persistent scatterer points (PS) of the entire area covered by the
DTS technique, with millimetric precision.. The results were
validated through the use of topographic field measurements, using
total station and prisms, showing a good agreement between the two
medodology.It was also observed that the remote results showed
good agreement with the available information related to the
geomechanical classes. Concluding, the results obtained showed
that the combination of techniques presented better results when
compared to the techniques applied independently.",
committee = "Gama, F{\'a}bio Furlan (presidente) and Paradella, Waldir Renato
(orientador) and Mura, Jos{\'e} Claudio (orientador) and
Galv{\~a}o, L{\^e}nio Soares and Oliveira, Cleber Gonzales de",
englishtitle = "Integration of a-dinsar techniques in the detection of surface
movements in open pit mines in the amazon region with terrasar-x
data",
language = "pt",
pages = "121",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3NH6978",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3NH6978",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "28 mar. 2024"
}