@InCollection{MarengoTomaNobr:2016:ClChWa,
author = "Marengo, Jos{\'e} Antonio and Tomasella, Javier and Nobre, Carlos
Afonto",
title = "Climate change and water resources",
booktitle = "Waters of Brazil: strategic analysis",
publisher = "Springer",
year = "2016",
editor = "Bicudo, Carlos Eduardo de Mattos and Tundisi, Jos{\'e} Galizia
and Scheuenstuhl, Marcos Cortes{\~a}o Barnsley",
pages = "171--186",
address = "Switzerland",
keywords = "Agriculture, governance, irrigation, public policies, scarcity,
water resources.",
abstract = "This report presents a general vision of the availability of water
in Brazil within the context of climate variability and change.
Despite Brazil having great water availability, its distribution
among the regions is very uneven. The current situation, in terms
of scarcity, is mainly due to inadequate planning of land and
water use associated to economic growth: as an example, the
Southeast area of Brazil, which has great water availability, is
affected by lack of water due to uncontrolled urbanization growth.
Water availability in Brazil is directly related to the climate,
especially during the months of summer. Delays in the start of
rainy seasons can affect agriculture and the hydroelectric power
generation; and the occurrence of severe fl oods and droughts have
caused great impacts in the economy and to the population. This
can be seen, for example, in the case of the drought in Amazonia
in 2005 and the fl oods of 2009 in Amazonia. Brazil is vulnerable
to these climatic anomalies and will be vulnerable to the changes
projected on rainfall patterns and on extremes weather patterns
due to climatic change. Changes in patterns and in precipitation
regimes could also affect river fl ows; current studies indicate
that the most affected river will be the S{\~a}o Francisco River,
where the reduction in rainfall will result in a drastic decrease
of discharge and consequently will severely impact irrigation and
the hydroelectric power generation. Without a doubt, the
uncertainties of the future projected scenarios always need to be
taken into consideration. Actions focused on adaptation and
mitigation is urgent, as are monitoring plans for water resources
in order to assess climatic risks. Comprehensive research on
climatic change and its impacts on water resources is extremely
necessary. Water resources management should also consider the
climate change projections and uncertainties in the implementation
of water policies and regulations.",
affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-41372-3",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41372-3",
isbn = "978-3-319-41371-6",
language = "en",
targetfile = "WATERSOFBRAZIL-final-21-09-2016-4.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "29 mar. 2024"
}