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		<doi>10.1002/2016JA023724</doi>
		<issn>2169-9380</issn>
		<citationkey>BatistaCaSoAbArReSa:2017:RoMeWi</citationkey>
		<title>F-3 layer development during quiet and disturbed periods as observed at conjugate locations in Brazil: the role of the meridional wind</title>
		<year>2017</year>
		<month>Feb.</month>
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		<author>Batista, Inez Staciarini,</author>
		<author>Candido, Claudia Maria Nicoli,</author>
		<author>Souza, Jonas Rodrigues de,</author>
		<author>Abdu, Mangalathayil Ali,</author>
		<author>Araújo, R. C. de,</author>
		<author>Resende, Laysa Cristina Araújo,</author>
		<author>Santos, A. M.,</author>
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		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress>inez.batista@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>claudia.candido@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>jonas.souza@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>ma.abdu@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>laysa@dae.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<journal>Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics</journal>
		<volume>122</volume>
		<number>2</number>
		<pages>2361-2373</pages>
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		<abstract>In this work we use ionospheric data from two low-latitude stations located north and south of the geomagnetic equator, at approximately the same magnetic longitude, in order to study the occurrence of the F-3 layer. The location of the stations being at almost geomagnetically conjugate points is such that the effects of the electric field/vertical plasma drift and diffusion will be almost symmetric around the magnetic equator. Under this configuration it is possible to deduce the effect of meridional wind in the F-3 layer occurrence. Our results show that during the December solstice the layer will be present at the Southern Hemisphere (SH) location in 97% of the days and in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) location in only 4% of the days. In the June solstice the situation is reversed with the occurrence in the NH being 82% and 16% in the SH. For the March equinox the occurrence is low at both locations (4% in NH and 7% in SH), being mainly present during magnetically disturbed periods. The analysis of the effective meridional wind based on the Horizontal Wind Model and on the asymmetry of the F layer peak height observed at the two locations confirms the ubiquitous role of the wind in the F-3 layer formation and/or persistence during both quiet and disturbed periods. The B0 parameter, that is a measure of the thickness of the bottomside F region profile, revealed to be a good proxy for the F-3 layer occurrence.</abstract>
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		<language>en</language>
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