@MastersThesis{Santos:2018:AnInEm,
author = "Santos, Paula Resende",
title = "Desenvolvimento e implementa{\c{c}}{\~a}o do ciclo diurno da
queima de biomassa no PREP-CHEM-SRC: an{\'a}lise dos
invent{\'a}rios de emiss{\~o}es de aeross{\'o}is na
Am{\'e}rica do Sul",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-07-26",
keywords = "queimadas, emiss{\~o}es, 3BEM_FRP, biomass burning, emissions,
3BEM_FRP.",
abstract = "A fuma{\c{c}}a emitida pela queima de biomassa {\'e} composta de
uma ampla variedade de part{\'{\i}}culas e esp{\'e}cies de
gases tra{\c{c}}os que influenciam a qualidade do ar e o clima.
No Globo, estima-se que aproximadamente 350 milh{\~o}es de
hectares s{\~a}o queimados anualmente e que as emiss{\~o}es de
Di{\'o}xido de Carbono (CO2) resultantes deste processo s{\~a}o
equivalentes a aproximadamente 10% das emiss{\~o}es provenientes
de combust{\'{\i}}veis f{\'o}sseis. Neste contexto, esse
trabalho tem como objetivo principal desenvolver uma metodologia
acoplada ao modelo 3BEM_FRP que utiliza informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es do
tempo de dura{\c{c}}{\~a}o das queimadas para diferentes tipos
de uso e cobertura da terra para biomas da Am{\'e}rica do Sul com
a finalidade de fornecer informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es para a estimativa
da FRE quando houver aus{\^e}ncia de dados de FRP. O ciclo diurno
das queimadas foi estimado utilizando a s{\'e}rie temporal do
produto Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm (WFABBA) de
1997 a 2015 para os usos e cobertura do produto MCD12Q1 para cada
bioma da Am{\'e}rica do Sul. Ainda, as estimativas de material
particulado com di{\^a}metro menor que 2,5\μm (PM2.5) foram
geradas no Brazilian Biomass Burning Emission Model with fire
radiative power (FRP) assimilation (3BEM_FRP) acrescido do ciclo
(C3BEM_FRP) para a Am{\'e}rica do Sul de 2003-2015 e comparadas
com os invent{\'a}rios globais Global Fire Assimilation System
(GFAS), Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFED), Global Fire Emissions
Database (GFED) e Fire Inventory from NCAR (FINN). Em geral, o
tempo m{\'e}dio de dura{\c{c}}{\~a}o das queimadas para cada
classe de uso de cobertura da terra do International
Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) varia de acordo com o bioma
no qual est{\'a} inserida, ou seja, cerca de 61% das queimadas na
Am{\'e}rica do Sul duram em m{\'e}dia entre 6 e 7 horas,
enquanto que 17% duram em m{\'e}dia entre 7 e 8 horas, 12% duram
menos que 5 horas e aproximadamente 9% das queimadas duram mais
que 9 horas. O C3BEM_FRP aumenta os valores de emiss{\~a}o de
PM2.5 do C3BEM_FRP no cerrado em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o aos
invent{\'a}rios baseados na contagem de focos de calor e
{\'a}rea queimada (3BEM e FINN), resultando em uma melhor
concord{\^a}ncia com o que foi observado no experimento SAMBBA.
Al{\'e}m disso, o C3BEM_FRP apresenta uma correla{\c{c}}{\~a}o
de 0,86 com o GFAS o que indica que invent{\'a}rios que utilizam
a mesma a metodologia tendem a concordar espacialmente. O QFED
{\'e} o {\'u}nico invent{\'a}rio que que utiliza estimativas de
FRP e aeross{\'o}is para obter as emiss{\~o}es oriundas da
queima de biomassa e apresentou a menor correla{\c{c}}{\~a}o com
o C3BEM_FRP (r=0,58). Por{\'e}m, a compara{\c{c}}{\~a}o
espacial do QFEDxC3BEM_FRP, indica, em muitos casos, uma
varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o das emiss{\~o}es entre pixels vizinhos,
indicando que o QFED tende a compensar a aus{\^e}ncia de
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es a partir da distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o do
total emitido entre os dados detectados. Desta forma, pode-se
concluir que o modelo C3BEM_FRP apresentou resultados consistentes
com os invent{\'a}rios globais e sua maior vantagem {\'e} a
viabilizar as estimativas de emiss{\~a}o quando h{\'a} falta de
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es do ciclo diurno da pot{\^e}ncia radiativa
do fogo (FRP). ABSTRACT: Smoke released in biomass burning is
composed by a variety of particles and species of gases that can
influence air quality and climate. Globally, it is estimated that
350 million hectares are burned annually and carbon dioxide (CO2)
emissions are equivalent for approximately 10% of emissions
derived from fossil fuel. Thus, the main objective of this work is
developing an approach for the 3BEM_FRP model using fire duration
for different land use and land cover (LULC) types for the South
American biomes in order to provide information for the estimation
of Fire Radiative Energy (FRE) whenever the Fire Radiative Power
(FRP) is insufficient to extract the diurnal cycle of the fires.
The diurnal cycle was estimated using Wildfire Automated Biomass
Burning Algorithm (WFABBA) product during 1997 2015 period for the
LULC types of each South America biome. The Particulate Matter
with diameter less than 2.5\μm (PM2.5) was estimated using
the Brazilian Biomass Burning Emission Model with FRP assimilation
(3BEM_FRP) included the diurnal cycle (C3BEM_FRP) to 2003-2015
period and covered the entire South America. Furthermore, the
PM2.5 emissions estimation was evaluated with Global Fire
Assimilation System (GFAS), Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFED),
Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) e Fire Inventory from NCAR
(FINN) products. In general, the average duration of biomass
burning for each class of International Geosphere-Biosphere
Programme (IGBP) varies according to the biome, almost 61% of
fires in South America presented a duration of 6 and 7 hours,
while 17% presented values between 7 and 8 hours, 12% less than 5
hours and approximately 9% of fires in South America presented an
activity that is longer than 9 hours. Moreover, the C3BEM_FRP
increases the PM2.5 emission values in Cerrado compared with the
inventories based on hot pixel and burned area (3BEM and FINN). In
addition, the C3BEM_FRP presents a correlation of 0.86 with the
GFAS which indicates that inventories that use the same the
methodology have a tendency to agree spatially. The QFED is the
only inventory that combine the FRP and aerosols estimated by
satellite to obtain emissions from biomass burning and presented
the lowest correlation with C3BEM_FRP (r = 0.58). However, the
spatial assessment of QFEDxC3BEM_FRP indicates, in many cases, a
variation of the emissions between neighboring pixels, indicating
that the QFED tends to compensate the absence of information
increasing the emission values in detected fire location data.
Thus, we concluded that the model C3BEM_FRP presented consistent
results with the global inventories and the highlight improvement
is to make xiv feasible the emission estimation when there is a
lack of information of the diurnal cycle of the fire radiative
power (FRP).",
committee = "Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir (presidente) and Moraes, Elisabete Caria
(orientadora) and Pereira, Gabriel (orientador) and Fran{\c{c}}a,
Daniela de Azeredo and Silva, Fernanda Batista and Cardozo,
Francielle da Silva",
englishtitle = "Development and implementation of the fire diurnal cycle in the
PREP-CHEM-SRC: assessment of the aerosols biomass burning emission
inventories over South America",
language = "pt",
pages = "70",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RFAUM8",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RFAUM8",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}