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@InProceedings{KavutarapuFaTuTaBaRe:2018:FoEfSi,
               author = "Kavutarapu, Venkatesh and Fagundes, Paulo Roberto and Tulasiram, 
                         S. and Tardelli, Alexandre and Batista, Inez Staciarini and 
                         Reinisch, Bodo",
          affiliation = "{Universidade do Vale do Para{\'{\i}}ba (UNIVAP)} and 
                         {Universidade do Vale do Para{\'{\i}}ba (UNIVAP)} and {Indian 
                         Institute of Geomagnetism} and {Universidade do Vale do 
                         Para{\'{\i}}ba (UNIVAP)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of Massachusetts Lowell}",
                title = "Fountain effect signatures on the f3-layer characteristics from 
                         the equator to the eia crests during the geomagnetic storm of 17 
                         march 2015",
                 year = "2018",
         organization = "Cospar Scientific Assembly, 42.",
             abstract = "The existence of an additional stratification of the equatorial 
                         ionospheric F region, the F3-layer, has been known since the1940s, 
                         and it has been explored in detailed for more than a decade. 
                         Adding to the large quiet time variability in the F region 
                         ionosphere, ionosondes have observed F3-layers during the 
                         occurrence of geomagnetic storm induced prompt penetration 
                         electric fields (PPEF). The St. Patricks Day geomagnetic storm on 
                         17 March 2015 is the strongest storm in the 24th solar cycle with 
                         the minimum Dst of -223 nT. During the main phase of this storm, 
                         two strong prompt penetration electric field phases took place: 
                         the first with the southward turning of IMF Bz around 1200 UT, and 
                         the second with the onset of a sub storm around 1725 UT leading to 
                         strong equatorial zonal electric field enhancements in the 
                         Brazilian sector, which was on the day side hemisphere. The 
                         F3-layer was observed over a large latitudinal extent of 45 
                         degrees during the two strong PPEF phases that occurred in the 
                         main phase of the storm. The F3 is seen from the equator up to the 
                         equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests in the northern and 
                         southern hemispheres along the Brazilian longitudes. Distinct 
                         latitudinal and hemispheric differences are noted in the 
                         occurrence characteristics of the F3- layer during both PPEF 
                         phases. The influence of the storm-induced super fountain effect 
                         on the evolution of the F3-layer over the equatorial and low 
                         latitudes is discussed.",
  conference-location = "Pasadena, California",
      conference-year = "14-22 July",
             language = "en",
        urlaccessdate = "29 mar. 2024"
}


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