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@Article{TemporimGaPaMuSiSa:2018:CaStIr,
               author = "Temporim, Filipe Alto{\'e} and Gama, F{\'a}bio Furlan and 
                         Paradella, Waldir Renato and Mura, Jos{\'e} Cl{\'a}udio and 
                         Silva, Guilherme Greg{\'o}rio and Santos, Athos Ribeiro",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Spatiotemporal monitoring of surface motions using DInSAR 
                         techniques integrated with geological information: a case study of 
                         an iron mine in the Amazon region using TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2 
                         data",
              journal = "Environmental Earth Sciences",
                 year = "2018",
               volume = "77",
               number = "19",
                pages = "e688",
                month = "Oct.",
             keywords = "TerraSAR-X · RADARSAT-2 · DInSAR time series · Persistent 
                         scatterer interferometry · N5E iron mine.",
             abstract = "Instabilities are extremely common in the iron open-pit mines 
                         located in the Caraj{\'a}s mineral province, the world´s largest 
                         iron reserves located in the Brazilian Amazon. Due to deep 
                         excavations in rock products of low geomechanical quality, heavy 
                         precipitation, and blasting practices, mining operations in the 
                         area present surface displacements that potentially lead to slope 
                         instabilities with several risks (personnel, equipment, mining 
                         infrastructure, etc.). This paper presents the results related to 
                         the N5E mine based on DInSAR Time Series (DTS) and Persistent 
                         Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) using a temporal series of 33 
                         StripMap TerraSAR-X (SM TSX) images, and geological information 
                         provided from a 3D photointerpretation of an SM TSX and Ultra-Fine 
                         RADARSAT-2 (UF RST) stereo-pair, calibrated with field data. 
                         Measurement point (DTS, PSI) results were compared with in situ 
                         geodetic survey information (total station/prism measurements) and 
                         showed good agreement indicating that most of the mine can be 
                         considered stable during the period of the TSX coverage. The 
                         highest accumulated displacements were spatially related to a 
                         thematic unit mapped as a landfill. For other sectors of the mine, 
                         lower deformation rates were related to photointerpreted 
                         lineaments related to the Caraj{\'a}s fault system suggesting 
                         that geological structures can play a key role in controlling some 
                         surface displacements. The investigation demonstrated that the 
                         strategy based on the use of DTS and PSI techniques integrated 
                         with geological data provided a synoptic view of the deformation 
                         process that affected the mine. The approach was relevant for 
                         ground displacements monitoring of the study area with DInSAR 
                         results compared with in situ geodetic measurements showing good 
                         statistical correlation.",
                  doi = "10.1007/s12665-018-7871-y",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7871-y",
                 issn = "1866-6280",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "temporim_spatiotemporal.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "29 mar. 2024"
}


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