@InProceedings{ReisPacNarForOme:2018:SyNiFi,
               author = "Reis, Carla Roberta Gon{\c{c}}alves and Pacheco, Felipe Siqueira 
                         and Nardoto, Gabriela Bielefeld and Forti, Maria Cristina and 
                         Ometto, Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade de 
                         Bras{\'{\i}}lia (UnB)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Synthesis of nitrogen fixation rates across major biomes in Latin 
                         America",
                 year = "2018",
         organization = "AGU Fall Meeting",
             abstract = "Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the main pathway by which 
                         nitrogen (N) is delivered to unmanaged ecosystems. Despite the 
                         importance of BNF on understanding and modeling key ecosystem 
                         functions such as carbon storage and climate feedbacks, 
                         information on BNF rates for natural ecosystems in Latin America 
                         (LA) is quite limited. In this study, we estimated total BNF rates 
                         for major biomes in LA using a literature-derived dataset and a 
                         modeling approach. We compiled published data on free-living and 
                         symbiotic BNF rates (kgN ha-1 y-1) from primary and mature sites 
                         located in different biomes in LA. We found enough empirical data 
                         to estimate total BNF rates only for Moist, Tropical Dry, and 
                         Temperate forests and for desert biomes in LA. Furthermore, we 
                         used the conservative global model of Cleveland et al. (1999) and 
                         mean annual evapotranspiration data (ET) from NASA GLDAS to 
                         estimate potential total BNF rates for other biomes, and further 
                         evidence on the extent of BNF rates in forest and desert biomes in 
                         LA. The model overestimated total BNF rates but still had a 
                         reasonable predictive power (r2=0.56). We found a large spatial 
                         variably on BNF rates across biomes in LA. Literature-derived 
                         rates were higher for Moist forests (10±2) than Tropical Dry 
                         forests (4±2), and similar between Temperate forests (2±2) and 
                         deserts (2±3). Modeled rates were higher for Moist forests (14±1), 
                         mangroves (12±1), Pantanal (11±1), and savannas (10±1), followed 
                         by Tropical Dry and Coniferous forests (9±1). Modeled rates were 
                         lower for the Mediterranean biome (2±2), followed by Montane 
                         grasslands (4±2), deserts (4±2), and Temperate grasslands (6±1) 
                         and forests (5±1). This study provided the first evidence on the 
                         extent of BNF rates for a range of biomes in LA. The information 
                         obtained in this study will greatly contribute to the refinement 
                         of our understanding of Latin Americas N balance and to model 
                         critical ecosystem functions for a variety of societal needs. This 
                         study was supported by the project Nitrogen cycling in Latin 
                         America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (Nnet, IAI/CRN3005 
                         and FAPESP 2012/06416-1), and collaborators.",
  conference-location = "Washington, D. C.",
      conference-year = "10-14 dec.",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "reis_synthesis.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "10 maio 2024"
}