@Article{LimaAdaAmaBezAgu:2019:ChSeVe,
               author = "Lima, Raquel Carvalho de and Adami, Marcos and Amaral, Silvana and 
                         Bezerra, Francisco Gilney and Aguiar, Ana Paula Dutra",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Changes in secondary vegetation dynamics in a context of 
                         decreasing deforestation rates in Par{\'a} Brazilian Amazon",
              journal = "Applied Geography",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "106",
                pages = "40--49",
                month = "May",
             keywords = "Secondary vegetation, clustering patterns, pasture, agriculture, 
                         brazilian amazon.",
             abstract = "Tropical secondary vegetation is of particular interest as carbon 
                         sinks, potential lands for agriculture and livestock expansion, 
                         biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. Until mid-2000s 
                         estimates of secondary vegetation in the Brazilian Amazon 
                         indicated a progressive increase of this cover, however after 
                         2010, only 1197 km 2 of additional secondary vegetation were 
                         generated, while 42,040 km 2 were converted into other 
                         land-covers. Meanwhile, deforestation rates progressively 
                         decreased to be around 6000 km 2 in contrast to the peak of 27,772 
                         km 2 in 2004, what suggests that changes in land-cover dynamics 
                         with respect to deforestation may be related to a reduction in 
                         secondary vegetation. Hence, in this paper, we work with the 
                         hypothesis that, in a context of decreasing deforestation rates, 
                         the historic pattern of progressive accumulation of secondary 
                         vegetation in the Brazilian Amazon changed as a consequence of the 
                         re-conversion of this cover, as well as other land-covers relevant 
                         in the process of regeneration, into different land-covers that 
                         expanded in this period. Our focus was then to investigate, on a 
                         regional scale, the spatiotemporal patterns of secondary 
                         vegetation with respect to different land-covers in Par{\'a} 
                         based on (i) a quantitative analysis of transitions between 
                         land-covers, and (ii) on clustering patterns of secondary 
                         vegetation cover and their relations with clustering patterns of 
                         pastures, small-scale and industrial agriculture. We found that 
                         more secondary vegetation was converted into land-covers that 
                         expanded in the period i.e. clean pasture, mechanized agriculture, 
                         and palm oil, with secondary vegetation and land-covers important 
                         for regeneration (i.e. small-scale agriculture and regeneration 
                         with pasture) experiencing an overall reduction and contributing 
                         less to the concentration of secondary vegetation after 2010. 
                         Clusters of high values (hotspots) of secondary vegetation 
                         prevailed in the north, while clusters of low values (cold spots) 
                         prevailed in the south of Par{\'a} a pattern that is explained by 
                         different histories of occupation and deforestation dynamics, as 
                         well as distinct regional land dynamics in the past decade. As a 
                         first contribution to understanding the dynamics of secondary 
                         vegetation in a context of decreasing deforestation rates, our 
                         results show that the increased pressure to halt deforestation had 
                         effects over the dynamics of this land-cover, as well as over 
                         land-covers relevant to regeneration.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.03.001",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.03.001",
                 issn = "0143-6228",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "carvalho_changes.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}