@Article{SivakandanPRTPSNB:2019:MuInTr,
               author = "Sivakandan, M. and Paulo, Igo and Ramkumar, T. K. and Taori, A. 
                         and Patra, A. K. and Sripathi, S. and Niranjan, K. and Bilibio, 
                         Anderson Vestena",
          affiliation = "{Physical Research Laborator} and {Universidade Federal de Campina 
                         Grande (UFCG)} and National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, 
                         Gadanki and {Regional Remote Sensing Center (RRSC)} and National 
                         Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki and National Atmospheric 
                         Research Laboratory, Gadanki and {Andhra Universit} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Multi-instrument investigation of troposphere-ionosphere coupling 
                         and the role of gravity waves in the formation of equatorial 
                         plasma bubble",
              journal = "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "189",
                pages = "65--79",
                month = "Aug.",
             keywords = "Equatorial plasma bubbles, R-T instability, Gravity waves, Ray 
                         tracing.",
             abstract = "Present study investigates the role of gravity waves in the 
                         generation of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) during geomagnetic 
                         quiet conditions using co-located observations from Gadanki (13.5 
                         o N, 79.2° E) an all sky airglow imager, Gadanki Ionospheric Radar 
                         Interferometer (GIRI) and Ionosonde observations from Tirunelveli 
                         (8.7° N, 77.8° E). To avoid any changes occurring in the 
                         background ionosphere, four consecutive nights of observation 
                         during 0306 February 2014 is used. Out of these four nights, three 
                         nights (i.e., 03, 05 and 06 February 2014) exhibit occurrence of 
                         EPBs in the OI 630 nm airglow emission and radar plumes and there 
                         is no bubble occurrence during one night, though the ionospheric 
                         peak altitude (h\′F) value is more than 350 km in all these 
                         nights. During these four nights the structures observed in the 
                         E-region drifts and gravity waves noted in the mesospheric OH 
                         emissions are analyzed. It is found that there are common periodic 
                         oscillations in the OH peak emission altitude and E-region in 
                         three nights (03, 04 and 05 February 2014). The mesospheric 
                         gravity wave structures are ray traced to their potential sources 
                         in the lower atmosphere and also for the possibility of their 
                         propagation to the E-region. Our results suggest that apart from 
                         horizontal wavelength and amplitudes, the propagation angle of 
                         gravity wave may also be important for seeding of the 
                         Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability. Thus, it gives an insight about 
                         the role of lower middle and upper atmospheric coupling on the 
                         occurrence of the noted EPBs.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.jastp.2019.04.006",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2019.04.006",
                 issn = "1364-6826",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Sivakandan1-s2.0-S1364682618306497-main.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "03 maio 2024"
}