@InProceedings{SabaFCCNSCPLMHR:2019:HiViOb,
               author = "Saba, Marcelo Magalh{\~a}es Fares and Ferro, Marco A. S. and 
                         Cuadros, Edith Tueros and Custodio, Diogo M. and Nag, Amitabh and 
                         Schumann, Carina and Cooray, Gerald Vernon and Paiva, Amanda 
                         Rom{\~a}o de and Lauria, Paola Beatriz and Medeiros, Daniele da 
                         Silva Ferreira and Hettiarachchi, Pasan and Rassoul, Hamid K.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         de Aeron{\'a}utica e Espa{\c{c}}o (IAE)} and {Instituto Nacional 
                         de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto de Aeron{\'a}utica 
                         e Espa{\c{c}}o (IAE)} and {Florida Institute of Technology} and 
                         {University of the Witwatersrand} and {Division of Electricity} 
                         and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Uppsala University} 
                         and {Florida Institute of Technology}",
                title = "High-speed Video Observation of a Lightning Flash Producing 
                         X-rays",
                 year = "2019",
         organization = "AGU Fall Meeting",
             abstract = "We report a well-documented case of a negative cloud-to-ground 
                         lightning dart leader producing x-rays. Four leaders in this 
                         seven-stroke flash followed the same path to ground. X-rays were 
                         only observed during the fifth leader before the return stroke 
                         with the highest peak current. This work presents the first 
                         simultaneous x-ray measurement and high-speed video observation of 
                         the propagation of a lightning leader producing x-rays. It was 
                         capable of determining the leader distance from the x-ray 
                         measurement and the conditions of the pre-existing channel during 
                         the leader propagation. The fact that the other three leaders 
                         following the same path to ground did not produce detectable 
                         x-rays confirms that leader line charge density is likely an 
                         important factor that determines x-ray production. The moment of 
                         the x-rays detection during the propagation of the fifth leader 
                         suggests that the orientation of the leader channel plays an 
                         important role in the detection of x-rays.",
  conference-location = "San Francisco, CA",
      conference-year = "09-13 dec.",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "saba_high.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}