@InProceedings{WalkerGBAJMMARSLCZSMS:2019:RoAmIn,
               author = "Walker, Wayne S. and Gorelik, Seth and Baccini, Alessandro and 
                         Aragon-Osejo, Jos{\'e} Luis and Josse, Carmen and Meyer, Chris 
                         and Macedo, Marcia and Augusto, Cicero and Rios, Sandra and Souza, 
                         Alana Almeida de and Llanos, Andres and Cuellar, Saul and Zager, 
                         Irene and Solvik, Kylen and Moutinho, Paulo and Schwartzman, 
                         Stephan",
          affiliation = "{Woods Hole Research Center} and {Woods Hole Research Center} and 
                         {Woods Hole Research Center} and {Fundaci{\'o}n EcoCiencia} and 
                         {Fundaci{\'o}n EcoCiencia} and {Environmental Defense Fund} and 
                         {Woods Hole Research Center} and {Instituto Socioambiental (ISA)} 
                         and {Instituto del Bien Com{\'u}n (IBC)} and {Instituto Nacional 
                         de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Fundaci{\'o}n GAIA Amazonas} 
                         and {Fundaci{\'o}n Amigos de la Naturaleza} and Provita and 
                         {University of Colorado at Boulder} and {Instituto de Pesquisa 
                         Ambiental da Amaz{\^o}nia (IPAM)} and {Environmental Defense 
                         Fund}",
                title = "The Role of Amazon Indigenous Territories and Protected Natural 
                         Areas in Region-Wide Gains and Losses of Aboveground Carbon 
                         (2003-2016)",
                 year = "2019",
         organization = "AGU Fall Meeting",
             abstract = "Maintaining the abundance of carbon stored aboveground in Amazon 
                         forests is central to any comprehensive strategy for stabilizing 
                         global climate. Growing evidence points to the contribution that 
                         Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) have made to 
                         buffering Amazon forests against large-scale carbon emissions 
                         across a nine-nation network of Indigenous Territories (ITs) and 
                         Protected Natural Areas (PNAs). Previous research has demonstrated 
                         the links between indigenous land management and avoided 
                         deforestation; however, little attention has been paid to the 
                         impacts of forest degradation and natural disturbance processes 
                         that occur in the absence of land use change but are increasingly 
                         significant drivers of biomass loss. Here we provide a 
                         comprehensive accounting of the role that Amazon ITs and PNAs have 
                         played in the aboveground carbon dynamics of the region relative 
                         to other lands. Using published data on changes in pantropical 
                         aboveground woody carbon density and global forest cover, we track 
                         gains and losses in carbon storage associated with forest 
                         conversion as well as degradation and disturbance. We find that 
                         ITs and PNAs stored well over half (58%; 41,991 MtC) of the 
                         regions carbon in 2016, yet were responsible for just 10% of the 
                         net change (-130 MtC) from 2003-2016, with 86% of losses (-956 
                         MtC) offset by gains (+826 MtC). Nevertheless, total losses in 
                         both ITs and PNAs approached a half billion tons (-434 MtC and 
                         -423 MtC, respectively), with degradation and disturbance 
                         accounting for more than 75% of losses in 7 of the 9 countries 
                         examined. With deforestation on the rise across much of the 
                         region, and degradation and disturbance a neglected yet 
                         significant source of region-wide emissions (47%), the success of 
                         Amazon Basin countries in achieving their commitments under the 
                         Paris Climate Agreement depends in part on continued support for 
                         IPLC stewardship of Amazon forests, a global environmental service 
                         that merits increases in both political protection and financial 
                         support.",
  conference-location = "San Francisco, CA",
      conference-year = "09-13 dec.",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "walker_role.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "30 abr. 2024"
}