@Article{HissaAgCaLiGoLa:2019:ReFoCo,
               author = "Hissa, Leticia de Barros Viana and Aguiar, Ana Paula Dutra and 
                         Camargo, Rafael Rodrigues and Lima, Leticia Santos de and Gollnow, 
                         Florian and Lakes, Tobia",
          affiliation = "{Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Independent Researcher} and 
                         {Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais} and {University of 
                         Maryland} and {Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin}",
                title = "Regrowing forests contribution to law compliance and carbon 
                         storage in private properties of the Brazilian Amazon",
              journal = "Land Use Policy",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "88",
                pages = "e104163",
                month = "Nov.",
             keywords = "Brazilian Forest Code, Forest recovery, Forest carbon, Governance, 
                         Offsetting, Additionality.",
             abstract = "The viability of the climate pledges made by Brazil at the COP21 
                         in Paris, 2015, heavily depends on the success of the country 
                         policies related to forest governance. Particularly, there are 
                         high expectations that the enforcement of the Brazilian Forest 
                         Code (BFC) will drive large-scale forest recovery and carbon 
                         mitigation. In this study, we quantified the potential role that 
                         ongoing forest regeneration may play in offsetting deficits from 
                         private properties with less vegetation cover than determined by 
                         the BFC, considering different law implementation settings. 
                         Focusing on the Amazon Biome, we overlaid property level data from 
                         a mandatory registry (\≈ 250,000 properties) onto land 
                         cover maps to quantify on-site forest deficit offsets by ongoing 
                         forest recovery. Similarly, we estimated the share of regrowing 
                         forests in private properties potentially eligible for offsite 
                         deficit compensation (i.e. via market-based forest certificates 
                         trade). Regrowing forests could reduce, on-site, 3.2 Mha of 
                         forests deficits, decreasing non-compliance from private 
                         properties by 35%. Likewise, forest certificates availability 
                         increased by 3.4 Mha when we included regrowing forests in the 
                         calculations. This means an increase in the forest certificate 
                         offer-demand ratio from 0.9 to 2.0. On the one hand, trading 
                         certificates issued from recovering forests may represent a 
                         low-cost strategy for compliance with the BFC, a pathway for 
                         achieving restoration targets, and an additional source of income 
                         for landholders. To meet this potential, it is necessary to better 
                         conceptualize second-growth forests, advancing the poor 
                         definitions presented by the BFC, and offer an operational basis 
                         for their protection. On the other hand, including regrowing 
                         forests certificates in compensation schemes may further restrain 
                         the potential of the trading mechanism for conservation of 
                         unprotected oldgrowth forests and lead to positive net carbon 
                         emissions. We highlight that the BFC implementation must be 
                         carefully regulated to maximize synergies between compliance and 
                         forest resources conservation and enhancement.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104163",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104163",
                 issn = "0264-8377 and 1873-5754",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "hissa_regrowing.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}