@Article{VargasYangBatiGobb:2019:GrRaGr,
               author = "Vargas, F{\'a}bio and Yang, Guotao and Batista, Paulo Prado and 
                         Gobbi, Delano",
          affiliation = "{University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign} and {Chinese Academy 
                         of Sciences} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Growth rate of gravitywave amplitudes observed in sodium lidar 
                         density profiles and nightglow image data",
              journal = "Atmosphere",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "10",
               number = "12",
                pages = "e750",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "all-sky imager, sodium lidar, gravity waves, mesospheric 
                         nightglow, amplitude growth rate, wave dissipation.",
             abstract = "Amplitude growth rates of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves were 
                         estimated and compared from multiple instrument measurements 
                         carried out in Brazil. Gravity wave parameters, such as the wave 
                         amplitude and growth rate in distinct altitudes, were derived from 
                         sodium lidar density and nightglow all-sky images. Lidar 
                         observations were carried out in S{\~a}o Jose dos Campos 
                         (23\◦ S, 46\◦ W) from 1994 to 2004, while all-sky 
                         imagery of multiple airglow layers was conducted in Cachoeira 
                         Paulista (23\◦ S, 45\◦ W) from 19992000 and 
                         20042005. We have found that most of the measured amplitude growth 
                         rates indicate dissipative behavior for gravity waves identified 
                         in both lidar profiles and airglow image datasets. Only a small 
                         fraction of the observed wave events (4% imager; 9% lidar) are 
                         nondissipative (freely propagating waves). Our findings also show 
                         that imager waves are strongly dissipated within the mesosphere 
                         and lower thermosphere region (MLT), decaying in amplitude in 
                         short distances (<12 km), while lidar waves tend to maintain a 
                         constant amplitude within that region. Part of the observed waves 
                         (16% imager; 36% lidar) showed unchanging amplitude with altitude 
                         (saturated waves). About 51.6% of the imager waves present strong 
                         attenuation (overdamped waves) in contrast with 9% of lidar waves. 
                         The general saturated or damped behavior is consistent with 
                         diffusive filtering processes imposing limits to amplitude growth 
                         rates of the observed gravity waves.",
                  doi = "10.3390/ATMOS10120750",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ATMOS10120750",
                 issn = "2073-4433",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "atmosphere-10-00750.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}