@Article{PezziSSMCPQRJSCBVAMR:2021:OcEdMo,
               author = "Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi and Souza, Ronald Buss de and Santini, 
                         Marcelo Freitas and Miller, Aarthur J. and Carvalho, Jonas Takeo 
                         and Parise, Cl{\'a}udia K. and Quadro, M{\'a}rio F. and Rosa, 
                         Eliana Bertol and Justino, Fl{\'a}vio and Sutil, Ueslei Adriano 
                         and Cabrera, Mylene Jaen and Babanin, Alexander V. and Voermans, 
                         Joey and Nascimento and Ernani and L. and Alves, Rita de 
                         C{\'a}ssia Marques and Munchow, Gabriel B. and Rubert, Joel",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of California} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Maranh{\~a}o (UFMA)} and {Instituto 
                         Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal de 
                         Vi{\c{c}}osa (UFV)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {University of Melbourne} and {University of 
                         Melbourne} and {Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes 
                         in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence",
              journal = "Scientific Reports",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "11",
               number = "1",
                pages = "e10648",
                month = "Dec.",
             abstract = "Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy 
                         (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial 
                         influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer 
                         (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling 
                         and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from 
                         the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional 
                         meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to 
                         directly measure the oceanatmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, 
                         momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes. The mechanisms of 
                         pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL 
                         unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the 
                         surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. 
                         Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to 
                         absorb atmospheric CO2, and are thereby considered as sinks, due 
                         to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in 
                         midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the 
                         ocean to locally act as a CO2 source. The contribution to the 
                         atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m\−2 
                         day\−1, averaged over the sampling period. The CO2 transfer 
                         velocity coefficient (K) was determined using a quadratic fit and 
                         showed an adequate representation of oceanatmosphere fluxes. The 
                         oceanatmosphere CO2, momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely 
                         correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE 
                         clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the 
                         oceanatmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our 
                         understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this 
                         WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere.",
                  doi = "10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9",
                 issn = "2045-2322",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "s41598-021-89985-9.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "19 maio 2024"
}