@Article{TagliariLFBFBVP:2021:CoMaWa,
               author = "Tagliari, M{\'a}rio M. and Levis, Carolina and Flores, Bernardo 
                         M. and Blanco, Graziela D. and Freitas, Carolina Tavares de and 
                         Bogoni, Juliano A. and Vieilledent, Ghislain and Peroni, Nivaldo",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade 
                         Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade Federal de 
                         Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 
                         (UFSC)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {University 
                         Montpellie} and {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)}",
                title = "Collaborative management as a way to enhance Araucaria Forest 
                         resilience",
              journal = "Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "19",
               number = "2",
                pages = "131--142",
                month = "Apr.",
             keywords = "Araucaria Forest System, Cultural keystone species, Ecological 
                         Keystone Species, Ethnoecology, Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, 
                         Participatory conservation, Resilience-thinking.",
             abstract = "People and nature interact since millennia in forests worldwide, 
                         but current management strategies addressing these ecosystems 
                         often exclude local people from the decision-making process. This 
                         top-down approach is the cornerstone of conservation initiatives, 
                         particularly in highly threatened and fragmented forested 
                         ecosystems. In contrast, collaborative management involving the 
                         participation of local communities has increasingly contributed to 
                         conservation efforts globally. Here we ask how collaborative 
                         management would contribute to the conservation of a threatened, 
                         culturally important, and keystone tree species. We address this 
                         question in the Araucaria Forest System1 (AFS) in southern Brazil, 
                         where the main conservation strategy has been top-down based on 
                         restrictive use. Throughout the entire distribution of AFS, we 
                         interviewed 97 smallholders about how they use and manage 
                         Araucaria angustifolia trees (araucaria). We integrated their 
                         Traditional Ecological Knowledge2 (TEK) with a literature review 
                         about the conservation status of Araucaria Forests to analyze 
                         potential outcomes of two alternative conservation models: 
                         top-down with restrictive use, and bottom-up with collaborative 
                         management. We identified the feedback mechanisms in each model, 
                         and how they dampen or self-reinforced critical processes for AFS 
                         resilience. Our models showed that a top-down strategy maintains 
                         forest cover resilient to illegal logging but at the cost of 
                         losing TEK (undermining socio-ecological resilience) and forest 
                         resilience to other external disturbances, such as climate change. 
                         Alternatively, a bottom-up approach based on successful 
                         collaborative management schemes may increase the general 
                         resilience of AFS, while preserving TEK, thus contributing to 
                         maintaining the entire social-ecological system. Our findings 
                         indicate how it is paramount to maintain TEK to conserve AFS in 
                         the long term through collaborative management. By including local 
                         actors in the governance of AFS, its resilience is reinforced, 
                         promoting forest expansion, maintenance of TEK, and participatory 
                         conservation.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.pecon.2021.03.002",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pecon.2021.03.002",
                 issn = "2530-0644",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Tagliari_collaborative.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "11 maio 2024"
}