@Article{NascimentoVCBKJSPGCMA:2021:TrAtSt,
               author = "Nascimento, Rodrigo A. and Ven{\^a}ncio, Igor Martins and 
                         Chiessi, C. M. and Ballalai, J. M. and Kuhnert, H. and Johnstone, 
                         H. and Santos, T. P. and Prange, M. and Govin, A. and Crivellari, 
                         S. and Mulitza, S. and Albuquerque, A. L. S.",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo 
                         (USP)} and {Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)} and {University 
                         of Bremen} and {University of Bremen} and {Universidade Federal 
                         Fluminense (UFF)} and {University of Bremen} and {Universit{\'e} 
                         Paris Saclay} and {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} and 
                         {University of Bremen} and {Universidade Federal Fluminense 
                         (UFF)}",
                title = "Tropical Atlantic stratification response to late Quaternary 
                         precessional forcing",
              journal = "Earth and Planetary Science Letters",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "568",
                pages = "e117030",
                month = "Aug.",
             keywords = "ITCZ, precession, South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, western 
                         tropical Atlantic stratification.",
             abstract = "The upper ocean circulation in the western tropical Atlantic (WTA) 
                         is responsible for the northward cross-equatorial heat transport 
                         as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). 
                         This cross-equatorial transport is influenced by the thermocline 
                         circulation and stratification. Although seasonal thermocline 
                         stratification in the WTA is precession-driven, the existence of 
                         an orbital pacemaker of changes in the entire WTA upper ocean 
                         stratification, which comprises the main thermocline, remains 
                         elusive. Here, we present a 300 ka-long record of the WTA upper 
                         ocean stratification and main thermocline temperature based on 
                         oxygen isotopes (\δ18O) and Mg/Ca of planktonic 
                         foraminifera. Our \Δ\δ18O record between 
                         Globigerinoides ruber and Globorotalia truncatulinoides, 
                         representing upper ocean stratification, shows a robust precession 
                         pacing, where strong stratification was linked to high summer 
                         insolation in the Northern Hemisphere (precession minima). 
                         Mg/Ca-based temperatures support that stratification is dominated 
                         by changes in thermocline temperature. We present a new mechanism 
                         to explain changes in WTA stratification, where during the 
                         Northern Hemisphere summer insolation maxima, the Intertropical 
                         Convergence Zone shifts northward, developing a negative wind 
                         stress curl anomaly in the tropical Atlantic. This, in turn, pulls 
                         the main thermocline up and pushes the South Atlantic Subtropical 
                         Gyre southwards, increasing the stratification to the north of the 
                         gyre. This mechanism is supported by experiments performed with 
                         the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2). Finally, we 
                         hypothesize that the precession-driven WTA stratification may 
                         affect the cross-equatorial flow into the North Atlantic.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117030",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117030",
                 issn = "0012-821X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "nascimento_tropical.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}