@Article{HemsiAssuMach:2021:RaUpNi,
               author = "Hemsi, Paulo Scarano and Assump{\c{c}}{\~a}o, Luiza and Machado, 
                         Jo{\~a}o Paulo Barros",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Tecnol{\'o}gico da Aeron{\'a}utica (ITA)} and 
                         {Instituto Tecnol{\'o}gico da Aeron{\'a}utica (ITA)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Rapid Uptake of Nickel from Aqueous Solution with a Granulometric 
                         Fraction of a Bone-Meal Char",
              journal = "Water, Air, and Soil Pollution",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "232",
               number = "6",
                pages = "e249",
                month = "June",
             keywords = "Apatite, Bone char, Bone meal, Calcium phosphate, Hydroxyapatite, 
                         Metals, Nickel.",
             abstract = "The ability of two grain sizes of a bone-meal char (BC), BC fine 
                         and BC coarse, at immobilizing solution nickel (Ni) was 
                         investigated in batch tests, after initial reagent 
                         characterization. A sample of monetite (MA) also was tested for 
                         comparison. Starting from a Ni concentration 100 times the 
                         groundwater intervention value, the BC fine reagent (0.150.30 mm) 
                         was capable of rapidly depleting Ni from solution, in only 90 min, 
                         in triplicate tests at 1:200 solid/solution ratio (mass) and 
                         initial pH 7. The adjusted pseudo second-order kinetic rate for Ni 
                         uptake (0.068 greagent mg\−1nickel min\−1) resulted 
                         50 times higher than the rate reported in the literature for Ni 
                         with another bovine-bone char. Under similar conditions, Ni 
                         depletion in triplicate tests with reagent BC coarse (1.02.0 mm) 
                         occurred only after 2 days. With reagent MA, Ni was never totally 
                         removed. X-ray diffraction on samples of BC fine after Ni 
                         immobilization revealed the presence of a new calcium (Ca) and Ni 
                         phosphate crystalline form. Two elemental point analyses by 
                         scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy 
                         indicated 6.113.4% (mass) Ni on grains of BC fine. Some lines of 
                         evidence helped support the uptake mechanism as replacement of 
                         framework Ca-atoms in hydroxyapatite with Ni, including the near 
                         direct proportionality between moles of Ca released to solution 
                         and moles of Ni removed. Reagent BC fine was found to be a 
                         promising component for future Ni passive removal systems.",
                  doi = "10.1007/s11270-021-05214-z",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05214-z",
                 issn = "0049-6979",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "hemsi_water.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}